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J Environ Qual

Title:		Simultaneous chemical and sensory characterization of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from swine manure using solid phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry
Author(s):		Lo YC; Koziel JA; Cai L; Hoff SJ; Jenks WS; Xin H;
Address:		"Dep. of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011, USA"
Journal Title:		J Environ Qual
Year:		2008
Volume:		37
Issue:		2
Page Number:		521 - 534
DOI:		10.2134/jeq2006.0382
ISSN/ISBN:		0047-2425 (Print) 0047-2425 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Swine manure is associated with emissions of odor, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases that can affect air quality on local and regional scales. In this research, a solid phase microextraction (SPME) and novel multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (MDGC-MS-O) system were used to simultaneously identify VOCs and related odors emitted from swine manure. Gas samples were extracted from manure headspace using Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 85-microm SPME fibers. The MDGC-MS-O system was equipped with two columns in series with a system of valves allowing transfer of samples between columns (heartcutting). The heartcuts were used to maximize the isolation, separation, and identification of compounds. The odor impact of separated compounds was evaluated by a trained panelist for character and intensity. A total of 295 compounds with molecular weights ranging from 34 to 260 were identified. Seventy one compounds had a distinct odor. Nearly 68% of the compounds for which reaction rates with OH* radicals are known had an estimated atmospheric lifetime <24 h"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/*analysis Animals Environmental Monitoring Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans *Manure Odorants/*analysis Organic Chemicals/*analysis Smell Solid Phase Microextraction Swine Volatilization;
Notes:		"MedlineLo, Yin-Cheung M Koziel, Jacek A Cai, Lingshuang Hoff, Steven J Jenks, William S Xin, Hongwei eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2008/04/10 J Environ Qual. 2008 Mar-Apr; 37(2):521-34. doi: 10.2134/jeq2006.0382"