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Bioresour Technol

Title:		Integration of decentralized torrefaction with centralized catalytic pyrolysis to produce green aromatics from coffee grounds
Author(s):		Chai L; Saffron CM; Yang Y; Zhang Z; Munro RW; Kriegel RM;
Address:		"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, MI, USA. Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, MI, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, MI, USA; Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, MI, USA. Electronic address: saffronc@msu.edu. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. The Coca-Cola Company, Atlanta, GA, USA"
Journal Title:		Bioresour Technol
Year:		2016
Volume:		20151128
Issue:
Page Number:		287 - 292
DOI:		10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.065
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-2976 (Electronic) 0960-8524 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The aim of this work was to integrate decentralized torrefaction with centralized catalytic pyrolysis to convert coffee grounds into the green aromatic precursors of terephthalic acid, namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). An economic analysis of this bioproduct system was conducted to examine BTEX yields, biomass costs and their sensitivities. Model predictions were verified experimentally using pyrolysis GC/MS to quantify BTEX yields for raw and torrefied biomass. The production cost was minimized when the torrefier temperature and residence time were 239 degrees C and 34min, respectively. This optimization study found conditions that justify torrefaction as a pretreatment for making BTEX, provided that starting feedstock costs are below $58 per tonne"
Keywords:		"Benzene/analysis Benzene Derivatives/analysis Biomass Biotechnology/economics/*methods Catalysis Coffee/*chemistry Costs and Cost Analysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Models, Theoretical *Temperature Time Factors Toluene/analysis Volatile Organic;"
Notes:		"MedlineChai, Li Saffron, Christopher M Yang, Yi Zhang, Zhongyu Munro, Robert W Kriegel, Robert M eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2015/12/20 Bioresour Technol. 2016 Feb; 201:287-92. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.065. Epub 2015 Nov 28"