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Environ Res

Title:		Volatile organic compounds from second-hand smoke may increase susceptibility of children through oxidative stress damage
Author(s):		Kuang H; Feng J; Li Z; Tan J; Zhu W; Lin S; Pang Q; Ye Y; Fan R;
Address:		"Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510655, China. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China. Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou, 511447, China. Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511486, China. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511486, China. Electronic address: 20001047@m.scnu.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		Environ Res
Year:		2022
Volume:		20211016
Issue:
Page Number:		112227 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.envres.2021.112227
ISSN/ISBN:		1096-0953 (Electronic) 0013-9351 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Although humans are generally exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposure derived from SHS and its health hazard to non-smokers are rarely investigated. Thus, we examined the effects of SHS on VOCs exposure and oxidative stress damage via a passive smoking simulation experiment in 6 children and 7 adults. To further validate the studied urinary VOC metabolites as biomarkers for passive smoking, 259 children were recruited. The levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malonaldehyde (MDA), trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (OH-Cot) and 31 VOC metabolites in urine were determined. The results showed that the geomean concentrations of 17 VOC metabolites in urine of children were 26.5%-138% higher than those of adults after passive smoking. The levels of urinary 8-OHdG, MDA and OH-Cot increased by 24.6%, 18.8% and 600% in children, but only 1.25%, 10.3% and 116% in adults, respectively. Therefore, children are more vulnerable to SHS than adults. After exposure to SHS, the levels of 8 urinary VOC metabolites of benzene, acrylonitrile, 1-bromopropane, propylene oxide, toluene, methyl methacrylate and cyanide increased by 60.9%-538% within 23 h. These 8 VOC metabolites were also significantly associated with 8-OHdG or MDA in urine (p < 0.01). Therefore, exposure to VOCs caused by SHS increases body oxidative stress damage. OH-Cot level higher than 2.00 mug/g Cr can be used as a threshold of passive smoking. The levels of urinary s-benzylmercapturic acid (BMA) and s-phenylmercapturic acid (PMA) in children increased by 494% and 728% within 6 h after passive smoking, respectively. Population validation study indicated that BMA and PMA levels were significantly elevated in children exposed to SHS. Therefore, in addition to OH-Cot, urinary BMA and PMA are potentially useful short-term biomarkers of passive smoking. Future studies should focus on the differences in VOC metabolism and detoxification mechanisms between children and adults"
Keywords:		8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine Adult Biomarkers/urine Child Humans Oxidative Stress *Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds Biomarkers Oxidative damage Second-hand smoke (SHS) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
Notes:		"MedlineKuang, Hongxuan Feng, Jianglu Li, Zhilin Tan, Jianhua Zhu, Wangqi Lin, Shengjie Pang, Qihua Ye, Yufeng Fan, Ruifang eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2021/10/20 Environ Res. 2022 May 1; 207:112227. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112227. Epub 2021 Oct 16"