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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		Production of extremely low volatile organic compounds from biogenic emissions: Measured yields and atmospheric implications
Author(s):		Jokinen T; Berndt T; Makkonen R; Kerminen VM; Junninen H; Paasonen P; Stratmann F; Herrmann H; Guenther AB; Worsnop DR; Kulmala M; Ehn M; Sipila M;
Address:		"Leibniz-Institut fur Tropospharenforschung (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; tuija.jokinen@helsinki.fi. Leibniz-Institut fur Tropospharenforschung (TROPOS), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150526
Issue:		23
Page Number:		7123 - 7128
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.1423977112
ISSN/ISBN:		1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Print) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Oxidation products of monoterpenes and isoprene have a major influence on the global secondary organic aerosol (SOA) burden and the production of atmospheric nanoparticles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Here, we investigate the formation of extremely low volatility organic compounds (ELVOC) from O3 and OH radical oxidation of several monoterpenes and isoprene in a series of laboratory experiments. We show that ELVOC from all precursors are formed within the first minute after the initial attack of an oxidant. We demonstrate that under atmospherically relevant concentrations, species with an endocyclic double bond efficiently produce ELVOC from ozonolysis, whereas the yields from OH radical-initiated reactions are smaller. If the double bond is exocyclic or the compound itself is acyclic, ozonolysis produces less ELVOC and the role of the OH radical-initiated ELVOC formation is increased. Isoprene oxidation produces marginal quantities of ELVOC regardless of the oxidant. Implementing our laboratory findings into a global modeling framework shows that biogenic SOA formation in general, and ELVOC in particular, play crucial roles in atmospheric CCN production. Monoterpene oxidation products enhance atmospheric new particle formation and growth in most continental regions, thereby increasing CCN concentrations, especially at high values of cloud supersaturation. Isoprene-derived SOA tends to suppress atmospheric new particle formation, yet it assists the growth of sub-CCN-size primary particles to CCN. Taking into account compound specific monoterpene emissions has a moderate effect on the modeled global CCN budget"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*chemistry Atmosphere Models, Theoretical Ozone/chemistry Volatile Organic Compounds/*chemical synthesis Elvoc autoxidation isoprene monoterpenes new particle formation;"
Notes:		"MedlineJokinen, Tuija Berndt, Torsten Makkonen, Risto Kerminen, Veli-Matti Junninen, Heikki Paasonen, Pauli Stratmann, Frank Herrmann, Hartmut Guenther, Alex B Worsnop, Douglas R Kulmala, Markku Ehn, Mikael Sipila, Mikko eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/05/28 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 9; 112(23):7123-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1423977112. Epub 2015 May 26"