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Bioresour Technol

Title:		Polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride induces oxidative stress in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge
Author(s):		Jiao Y; Chen H;
Address:		"College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China. College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China. Electronic address: chenhongbo@hnu.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		Bioresour Technol
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220514
Issue:
Page Number:		127331 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127331
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-2976 (Electronic) 0960-8524 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The effects and key mechanisms of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge were investigated. Polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride at 38.1 g/kg total solids substantially reduced cumulative methane production from 138.2 +/- 5.5 to 49.4 +/- 5.0 L CH(4)/kg volatile solids added, a reduction of 64.3 +/- 0.2%. The quaternary ammonium groups on polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride agglomerated sludge flocs by neutralizing negatively charged amino groups in in extracellular polymeric substances, which hindered the release of organic matter. Quaternary ammonium groups induce oxidative stress by inducing the production of reactive oxygen species, thereby inhibiting the activity of anaerobic digestive enzymes. In addition, quaternary amine groups reduced the abundance of hydrolyzing bacteria, acidifying bacteria, and acetylotrophic methanogens. Oxidative stress could be an underappreciated mechanism that quaternary ammonium groups deteriorate anaerobic digestion, which could be transformative for understanding the potential risks of quaternary ammonium cationic flocculants in biological sludge treatment"
Keywords:		"*Ammonium Compounds Anaerobiosis Bioreactors Chlorides Halogens Methane Oxidative Stress *Sewage/microbiology Waste Disposal, Fluid Extracellular polymeric substances Flocculants Methane production Quaternary amine groups Reactive oxygen species;"
Notes:		"MedlineJiao, Yimeng Chen, Hongbo eng England 2022/05/18 Bioresour Technol. 2022 Jul; 356:127331. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127331. Epub 2022 May 14"