Title: | Probabilistic total PM(2.5) emissions from vehicular sources in Australian perspective |
Author(s): | Iqbal A; Afroze S; Rahman M; |
Address: | "UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, 5095, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia. asif.iqbal@unisa.edu.au. UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, 5095, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia" |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10661-021-09352-z |
ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-2959 (Electronic) 0167-6369 (Linking) |
Abstract: | "Motor vehicles operating on the road are a significant source of Particulate Matter (PM) emissions depending on the fuels used in the vehicles. Gasoline and Diesel vehicles are directly responsible for the tailpipe PM emissions (specifically PM(2.5): particles = 2.5 microm), known as primary PM(2.5) emissions. The other major direct emissions from the vehicles, which include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) contribute to the formation of secondary organic PM, also known as secondary organic aerosols (SOA), through some inter-related chemical reactions. The SOAs are highly toxic and contribute to a portion of total PM emissions. In this research, emission scenarios of both primary PM(2.5) and SOA for a car-dependent expanding Australian city (Adelaide) were analyzed. The variability of traffic characteristics on road was considered and conducted a probabilistic emissions inventory for tailpipe primary PM(2.5) and precursors, while statistical analysis of the probable chemical conversion ratios was considered for the SOA inventory. It was found that the tailpipe emissions from the vehicles were higher than the air quality standard, while the SOA contribution from the vehicles was not significantly high but contributed to the increase of total PM concentration. The analysis of the chemical transformation of SOA precursors justified the importance of conducting more detailed emissions modelling for sustainable urban air quality planning" |
Keywords: | *Air Pollutants/analysis Australia Environmental Monitoring Gasoline/analysis *Particulate Matter/analysis Vehicle Emissions/analysis Emission precursors Secondary organic aerosol Vehicular emissions; |
Notes: | "MedlineIqbal, Asif Afroze, Shirina Rahman, Mizanur eng Netherlands 2021/08/16 Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Aug 15; 193(9):575. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09352-z" |