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Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Characterization of the Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) and Analysis of the PR1 Molecular Marker in Vitis vinifera L. Inoculated with the Nematode Xiphinema index
Author(s):		Castorina G; Grassi F; Consonni G; Vitalini S; Oberti R; Calcante A; Ferrari E; Bononi M; Iriti M;
Address:		"Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200624
Issue:		12
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ijms21124485
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Upon pathogen attack, plants very quickly undergo rather complex physico-chemical changes, such as the production of new chemicals or alterations in membrane and cell wall properties, to reduce disease damages. An underestimated threat is represented by root parasitic nematodes. In Vitis vinifera L., the nematode Xiphinema index is the unique vector of Grapevine fanleaf virus, responsible for fanleaf degeneration, one of the most widespread and economically damaging diseases worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in grapevines attacked by X. index. BVOCs play a role in plant defensive mechanisms and are synthetized in response to biotic damages. In our study, the BVOC profile was altered by the nematode feeding process. We found a decrease in beta-ocimene and limonene monoterpene emissions, as well as an increase in alpha-farnesene and alpha-bergamotene sesquiterpene emissions in nematode-treated plants. Moreover, we evaluated the PR1 gene expression. The transcript level of PR1 gene was higher in the nematode-wounded roots, while in the leaf tissues it showed a lower expression compared to control grapevines"
Keywords:		"Animals Biomarkers/*analysis Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Nematoda/*physiology Plant Diseases/*parasitology Plant Proteins/*metabolism Plant Roots/*metabolism/parasitology Vitis/*metabolism/parasitology Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis BVOCs Gc-m;"
Notes:		"MedlineCastorina, Giulia Grassi, Flaminia Consonni, Gabriella Vitalini, Sara Oberti, Roberto Calcante, Aldo Ferrari, Enrico Bononi, Monica Iriti, Marcello eng Switzerland 2020/07/01 Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 24; 21(12):4485. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124485"