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Rev Bras Ter Intensiva

Title:		"Robust, maintainable, emergency invasive mechanical ventilator"
Author(s):		Fonte PJR; Martinho A; Pereira A; Gomes A; Neves A; Abrunhosa A; Bugalho A; Gabriel-Santos A; Grilo A; Carmo C; Maltez E; Nascimento JAD; Goes J; Martins J; Oliveira JP; Pimenta J; Santos JP; Gil LC; Lopes L; Pimenta M; Moreira O; Cunha O; Sousa PP; Povoa P; Cavaco-Goncalves S; Barroso S; Santos TG;
Address:		"ICNAS Pharma - Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Aplicadas a saude, Universidade de Coimbra - Coimbra, Portugal. ISEC - Coimbra Polytechnic - Coimbra, Portugal. LIP - Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental de Particulas - Coimbra, Portugal. UNIDEMI - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Caparica, Portugal. CIBIT - Centro de Imagem Biomedica e Investigacao Translacional, Universidade de Coimbra - Coimbra, Portugal. Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra, EPE, Universidade de Coimbra - Coimbra, Portugal. Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra - Coimbra, Portugal. CHRC - Centro de Investigacao Integrada em Saude, Nova Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Lisboa, Portugal. Hospital CUF Tejo - Lisboa, Portugal. Magnamed - Comercializacao de Produtos Medicos, Lda - Lisboa, Portugal. Medicos do Mundo - Lisboa, Portugal. Departamento de Engenharia Electrotecnica e de Computadores, Centro de Tecnologia e Sistemas, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Caparica, Portugal. Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agraria e Veterinaria, I. P. - Oeiras, Portugal. Centro de Investigacao Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidade de Lisboa - Lisboa, Portugal. Laboratorio de Instrumentacao, Engenharia Biomedica e Fisica das Radiacoes, Departamento de Fisica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa - Caparica, Portugal. Haas F1 Team - Maranello, Italia. Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Polivalente, Hospital de Sao Francisco Xavier, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental - Lisboa, Portugal"
Journal Title:		Rev Bras Ter Intensiva
Year:		2022
Volume:		20221104
Issue:		3
Page Number:		351 - 359
DOI:		10.5935/0103-507X.20220383-pt
ISSN/ISBN:		1982-4335 (Electronic) 0103-507X (Print) 0103-507X (Linking)
Abstract:		"OBJECTIVE: To develop a simple, robust, safe and efficient invasive mechanical ventilator that can be used in remote areas of the world or war zones where the practical utility of more sophisticated equipment is limited by considerations of maintainability, availability of parts, transportation and/or cost. METHODS: The device implements the pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation mode, complemented by a simple assist-control mode. Continuous positive airway pressure is also possible. The consumption of compressed gases is minimized by avoiding a continuous flow of oxygen or air. Respiratory rates and inspiration/expiration time ratios are electronically determined, and an apnea/power loss alarm is provided. RESULTS: The pressure profiles were measured for a range of conditions and found to be adjustable within a +/- 2.5cmH2O error margin and stable well within this range over a 41-hour period. Respiratory cycle timing parameters were precise within a few percentage points over the same period. The device was tested for durability for an equivalent period of four months. Chemical and biological tests failed to identify any contamination of the gas by volatile organic compounds or microorganisms. A ventilation test on a large animal, in comparison with a well established ventilator, showed that the animal could be adequately ventilated over a period of 60 minutes, without any noticeable negative aftereffects during the subsequent 24-hour period. CONCLUSION: This ventilator design may be viable, after further animal tests and formal approval by the competent authorities, for clinical application in the abovementioned atypical circumstances"
Keywords:		"Animals Humans *Ventilators, Mechanical *Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Respiration, Artificial;"
Notes:		"MedlineFonte, Paulo J R Martinho, Alberto Pereira, Americo Gomes, Andreia Neves, Angela Abrunhosa, Antero Bugalho, Antonio Gabriel-Santos, Antonio Grilo, Antonio Carmo, Carlos Maltez, Elsa Nascimento, Joao Agostinho do Goes, Joao Martins, Joao Oliveira, Joao Pedro Pimenta, Jorge Santos, Jose Paulo Gil, Luis C Lopes, Luis Pimenta, Mario Moreira, Olga Cunha, Orlando Sousa, Pedro Pinheiro de Povoa, Pedro Cavaco-Goncalves, Sandra Barroso, Susana Santos, Telmo G por eng Brazil 2022/11/10 Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2022 Nov 4; 34(3):351-359. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20220383-pt. eCollection 2022"