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Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Title:		Uses of ionic liquids to obtain bioactive compounds: insights from the main international regulations for technological applications
Author(s):		Ferreira BL; Granato D; Nunes IL;
Address:		"Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"
Journal Title:		Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220425
Issue:
Page Number:		1 - 16
DOI:		10.1080/10408398.2022.2067115
ISSN/ISBN:		1549-7852 (Electronic) 1040-8398 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Ionic liquids (IL) are innovative alternative solvents to recover bioactive compounds from plant-based sources to replace toxic volatile organic solvents (VOS). ILs are tailored-made solvents with chemical and thermal stabilities, nonvolatile and noninflammable. Although ILs are versatile, cost-effective, and sustainable solutions, the European Commission (EC) has no current regulation to approve extracts obtained with ILs to be applied in foods. Herein, this paper aims to assess the overview of ILs, regulamentation, applications, and its toxic effects, to be used as solvents for extract different bioactive compounds. Studies have suggested novel applications for ILs, such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and others, to obtain bioactive compounds, for instance phenolic compounds, lignans, alkaloids, carotenoids, polysaccharides, using modern approaches as ultrasound and microwave-assisted extraction. New IL methods increase the efficiency of recovering target compounds and decrease the extraction time and VOS consumption regarding the traditional techniques. Furthermore, to promote the large-scale use of IL in foods, it is essential to investigate individually the toxicity of each IL used in the extraction processes, aiming to obtain a GRAS stamp, due to the currently lack of regulamentation"
Keywords:		EU regulations Innovative solvents extraction methods toxicity of ionic liquids ultrasound-assisted extraction volatile organic solvents;
Notes:		"PublisherFerreira, Bruno L Granato, Daniel Nunes, Itaciara L eng 2022/04/26 Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Apr 25:1-16. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2067115"