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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		Sex-related differences in the tolerance of Oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta) to organophosphate insecticides
Author(s):		de Lame FM; Hong JJ; Shearer PW; Brattsten LB;
Address:		"Department of Entomology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Blake Hall, 93 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2001
Volume:		57
Issue:		9
Page Number:		827 - 832
DOI:		10.1002/ps.368
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-498X (Print) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"In vivo toxicity assays have shown that organophosphate insecticides are less toxic to male than to female Oriental fruit moths Grapholita molesta. While male moths have higher levels of acetylcholinesterase and general esterase activities, female moth acetylcholinesterase enzymes are less sensitive to aromatic and aliphatic organophosphates than male enzymes. Elevated esterase and acetylcholinesterase activities in male moths explain their greater tolerance to aromatic and aliphatic organophosphates. Male and female acetylcholinesterase enzymes are equally tolerant to heteroaromatic organophosphates, the most widely used of this class of insecticides in G molesta control. This observation, in contrast to the greater sensitivity of male acetylcholinesterases to aromatic and aliphatic organophosphates, shows the potential for the evolution of insensitive target sites in male moths, which would increase male G molesta tolerance to these insecticides. Significant sex-linked differences in insecticide tolerance have not been reported previously in lepidopterans. The practical implications of the observed differences in tolerance in male and female G molesta question the practice of using pheromone traps to monitor populations of these moths in orchards"
Keywords:		Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism Animals Esterases/metabolism Female Insect Control/methods Insecticide Resistance Insecticides/*toxicity Male Moths/*drug effects/enzymology *Organophosphorus Compounds *Organothiophosphorus Compounds Sex Factors;
Notes:		"Medlinede Lame, F M Hong, J J Shearer, P W Brattsten, L B eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2001/09/20 Pest Manag Sci. 2001 Sep; 57(9):827-32. doi: 10.1002/ps.368"