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Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

Title:		Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 rapidly degrades allelochemicals in rhizospheres of continuously cropped cucumbers
Author(s):		Chen L; Yang X; Raza W; Li J; Liu Y; Qiu M; Zhang F; Shen Q;
Address:		"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China"
Journal Title:		Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Year:		2011
Volume:		20101024
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1653 - 1663
DOI:		10.1007/s00253-010-2948-x
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-0614 (Electronic) 0175-7598 (Linking)
Abstract:		"To alleviate the stress of continuous cropping for cucumber continuous cropping (CCC) system, a beneficial fungus Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 (SQR-T037) was isolated and applied to soil to degrade allelochemicals exuded from cucumber plants in a Rhizobox experiment. The following phenolic acids (PAs), classified as allelochemicals, were isolated and identified from cucumber rhizospheres: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, and cinnamic acid. Mixed PAs added in potato dextrose broth, each with 0.2 gram per liter, were completely degraded by SQR-T037 after 170 h of incubation. In Rhizobox experiments, inoculation of SQR-T037 in the CCC soil also degraded the PAs exuded from cucumber plant roots. This degradation was 88.8% for 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 90% for vanillic acid, 95% for benzoic acid, and 100% for ferulic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, and cinnamic acid at 45 days after plantation. Simultaneously, a significant (p >/= 0.05) decrease in the disease index of Fusarium wilt and an increase in dry weights of cucumber plants were obtained in pot experiments by application of SQR-T037. This was mostly attributed to degradation of PAs exuded from cucumber roots in CCC soil by SQR-T037 and alleviation of the allelopathic stress. Application of beneficial microorganisms, such as SQR-T037 that biodegrades allelochemicals, is a highly efficient way to resolve the problems associated with continuous cropping system"
Keywords:		Cucumis sativus/*microbiology Culture Media/chemistry Hydroxybenzoates/metabolism Pheromones/*metabolism *Rhizosphere *Soil Microbiology Trichoderma/growth & development/isolation & purification/*metabolism;
Notes:		"MedlineChen, Lihua Yang, Xingming Raza, Waseem Li, Junhua Liu, Yanxia Qiu, Meihua Zhang, Fengge Shen, Qirong eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Germany 2010/10/26 Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Mar; 89(5):1653-63. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2948-x. Epub 2010 Oct 24"