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Physiol Biochem Zool

Title:		Effect of metabolic acidosis on white-tailed deer antler development
Author(s):		Campbell TA; Hewitt DG;
Address:		"Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA. tac1396@owl.forestry.uga.edu"
Journal Title:		Physiol Biochem Zool
Year:		2000
Volume:		73
Issue:		6
Page Number:		781 - 789
DOI:		10.1086/318096
ISSN/ISBN:		1522-2152 (Print) 1522-2152 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Metabolic acidosis can result when herbivores consume browse diets high in plant secondary compounds. One mechanism for buffering excess acid is the mobilization of calcium and other alkaline salts from the skeletal system. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and other cervids consuming browse during antler formation may use minerals essential for antler development as buffers, resulting in altered antler characteristics. Our research objectives were to examine the effects of metabolic acidosis on mineral metabolism, acid-base homeostasis, and antler development in white-tailed deer. Fifteen male white-tailed deer were assigned to one of three diets: 2% NH(4)Cl, 3% commercial tannic acid, or a basal ration without additive. Two feeding trials were completed on each deer to determine nutrient use. Urine pH and the percentage of urinary nitrogen excreted as NH+4 varied by diet. No significant diet or trial effects occurred for nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, or sodium use. Urinary calcium excretion varied between diets. No dietary differences were observed for antler characteristics. The NH(4)Cl diet induced metabolic acidosis but did not alter antler development in white-tailed deer. Skeletal mineral reserves and mineral intake appeared sufficient to buffer excess acids and support antler development"
Keywords:		"Acidosis/physiopathology/*veterinary Animals Antlers/*growth & development Body Weight Calcium, Dietary/metabolism Deer/*growth & development *Diet Energy Intake Glucuronic Acid/urine Male Phosphorus, Dietary/metabolism Random Allocation;"
Notes:		"MedlineCampbell, T A Hewitt, D G eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2000/12/21 Physiol Biochem Zool. 2000 Nov-Dec; 73(6):781-9. doi: 10.1086/318096"