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Anal Bioanal Chem

Title:		Screening of salivary volatiles for putative breast cancer discrimination: an exploratory study involving geographically distant populations
Author(s):		Cavaco C; Pereira JAM; Taunk K; Taware R; Rapole S; Nagarajaram H; Camara JS;
Address:		"CQM-UMa - Centro de Quimica da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitario da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal. CQM-UMa - Centro de Quimica da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitario da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal. jorge.pereira@staff.uma.pt. Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India. Laboratory of Computational Biology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics (CDFD), Nampally, Hyderabad, 500001, India. Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India. Faculdade de Ciencias Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitario da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal"
Journal Title:		Anal Bioanal Chem
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180507
Issue:		18
Page Number:		4459 - 4468
DOI:		10.1007/s00216-018-1103-x
ISSN/ISBN:		1618-2650 (Electronic) 1618-2642 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Saliva is possibly the easiest biofluid to analyse and, despite its simple composition, contains relevant metabolic information. In this work, we explored the potential of the volatile composition of saliva samples as biosignatures for breast cancer (BC) non-invasive diagnosis. To achieve this, 106 saliva samples of BC patients and controls in two distinct geographic regions in Portugal and India were extracted and analysed using optimised headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS, 2 mL acidified saliva containing 10% NaCl, stirred (800 rpm) for 45 min at 38 degrees C and using the CAR/PDMS SPME fibre) followed by multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA). Over 120 volatiles from distinct chemical classes, with significant variations among the groups, were identified. MVSA retrieved a limited number of volatiles, viz. 3-methyl-pentanoic acid, 4-methyl-pentanoic acid, phenol and p-tert-butyl-phenol (Portuguese samples) and acetic, propanoic, benzoic acids, 1,2-decanediol, 2-decanone, and decanal (Indian samples), statistically relevant for the discrimination of BC patients in the populations analysed. This work defines an experimental layout, HS-SPME/GC-MS followed by MVSA, suitable to characterise volatile fingerprints for saliva as putative biosignatures for BC non-invasive diagnosis. Here, it was applied to BC samples from geographically distant populations and good disease separation was obtained. Further studies using larger cohorts are therefore very pertinent to challenge and strengthen this proof-of-concept study. Graphical abstract »aΓ"
Keywords:		Adolescent Adult Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/ethnology Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Geography Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration India Metabolomics Middle Aged Osmolar Concentration Portugal Proof of Concept Study Saliva/*chemistry Solid Pha;
Notes:		"MedlineCavaco, Carina Pereira, Jorge A M Taunk, Khushman Taware, Ravindra Rapole, Srikanth Nagarajaram, Hampapathalu Camara, Jose S eng BT/IN/New Indigo/03/RS/2013/Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology/ M1420-09-5369-FSE-000001/ARDITI . Agencia Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigacao Tecnologia e Inovacao/ associateship/Council for Scientific and Industrial Research/ REDE/1508/RNEM/2011/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/ Germany 2018/05/08 Anal Bioanal Chem. 2018 Jul; 410(18):4459-4468. doi: 10.1007/s00216-018-1103-x. Epub 2018 May 7"