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Med Vet Entomol

Title:		"Olfactory and behavioural responses of tabanid horseflies to octenol, phenols and aged horse urine"
Author(s):		Baldacchino F; Manon S; Puech L; Buatois B; Dormont L; Jay-Robert P;
Address:		"Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5175, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Universite Paul-Valery (UM3), Montpellier, France"
Journal Title:		Med Vet Entomol
Year:		2014
Volume:		20131105
Issue:		2
Page Number:		201 - 209
DOI:		10.1111/mve.12038
ISSN/ISBN:		1365-2915 (Electronic) 0269-283X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Electrophysiological and behavioural responses of females of two tabanid species, Tabanus bromius L. and Atylotus quadrifarius (Loew) (Diptera: Tabanidae), to ammonia, octenol (1-octen-3-ol), phenols and aged horse urine were compared. Electroantennogram (EAG) responses in both species to octenol, 4-methylphenol (4MP), 3-propylphenol (3PP) and a phenol mixture (4MP and 3PP at a ratio of 16 : 1) increased in a dose-dependent fashion. The most effective stimulus was 4MP and synergism between the two phenols may exist. Aged horse urine also elicited strong EAG responses in both species. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, we identified 29 compounds in horse urine, which included, in particular, ketones, fatty alcohols and phenols, among which 4MP was the most abundant component (~ 80%). Trapping experiments were carried out using Nzi traps baited with various odours. Octenol and the phenol mixture in combination with ammonia increased catches of tabanids by 1.8-2.8 times relative to ammonia alone. Aged horse urine increased catches of T. bromius and A. quadrifarius by 2.2 and 4.1 times, respectively. The high attractiveness of aged horse urine, especially for A. quadrifarius, is not likely to derive from 4MP alone, but from the mixture of various active compounds used in host location"
Keywords:		"Ammonia/pharmacology Animals Arthropod Antennae/drug effects/*physiology Cresols/pharmacology Diptera/*drug effects/*physiology Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Electrophysiological Phenomena Female France Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Horses Octan;"
Notes:		"MedlineBaldacchino, F Manon, S Puech, L Buatois, B Dormont, L Jay-Robert, P eng England 2013/11/06 Med Vet Entomol. 2014 Jun; 28(2):201-9. doi: 10.1111/mve.12038. Epub 2013 Nov 5"