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Environ Technol

Title:		A compact remediation system for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with BTEX and TPH
Author(s):		Caetano MO; Schneider IAH; Gomes LP; Kieling AG; Miranda LAS;
Address:		"a Post-Graduation Program in Civil Engineering - UNISINOS , University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos , Sao Leopoldo , Brazil. b Post-Graduation Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering - UFRGS , Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul , Mines , Porto Alegre , Brazil"
Journal Title:		Environ Technol
Year:		2017
Volume:		20160927
Issue:		11
Page Number:		1408 - 1420
DOI:		10.1080/09593330.2016.1231222
ISSN/ISBN:		1479-487X (Electronic) 0959-3330 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Gas stations constitute important point sources of soil and groundwater pollution. The leaking of hydrocarbons into the soil is a significant environment issue due to the wide-ranging occurrence of leaks and the high levels and toxicity of pollutants involved in the contamination of groundwater for human use. This study introduces a compact system developed to treat groundwater contaminated with benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) leaked from gas station tanks. The system comprises three units: (1) suction and volatilization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), (2) aeration tank (to remove volatile organic substances), and (3) an adsorption packed-bed filter (activated carbon (AC) and rice husk ash, 50% each, to remove TPH). Contaminated groundwater was characterized in a pilot study and in the field. Levels of BTEX and of TPH decreased by 96% with an 8-h retention time. The results obtained show that the remediation system is highly efficient and yielded water that met the discharge standards defined in the Brazilian legislation, that is, maximum benzene, toluene, and xylene levels of 5, 170, and 300 mug/L, respectively"
Keywords:		"Adsorption Carbon/chemistry Environmental Restoration and Remediation/*methods Food-Processing Industry Groundwater/*chemistry Hydrocarbons/*chemistry Industrial Waste Oryza *Petroleum Pilot Projects Water Pollutants, Chemical/*chemistry Water Purificatio;"
Notes:		"MedlineCaetano, M O Schneider, I A H Gomes, L P Kieling, A G Miranda, L A S eng England 2016/09/01 Environ Technol. 2017 Jun; 38(11):1408-1420. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1231222. Epub 2016 Sep 27"