| Title: | The Role of Trialeurodes vaporariorum-Infested Tomato Plant Volatiles in the Attraction of Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) |
| Author(s): | Ayelo PM; Yusuf AA; Pirk CWW; Mohamed SA; Chailleux A; Deletre E; |
| Address: | "International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Plant Health Department, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa. UPR HORTSYS, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France. Biopass2, Cirad-ISRA-IRD, Dakar, Senegal. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Plant Health Department, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. emilie.deletre@cirad.fr. UPR HORTSYS, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France. emilie.deletre@cirad.fr" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-021-01245-2 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Natural enemies locate their herbivorous host and prey through kairomones emitted by host plants and herbivores. These kairomones could be exploited to attract and retain natural enemies in crop fields for insect pest control. The parasitoid Encarsia formosa preferentially parasitises its whitefly host, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, a major pest of tomato Solanum lycopersicum, thus offering an effective way to improve whitefly control. However, little is known about the chemical interactions that occur in E. formosa-T. vaporariorum-S. lycopersicum tritrophic system. Using behavioural assays and chemical analyses, we investigated the kairomones mediating attraction of the parasitoid to host-infested tomato plants. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, unlike volatiles of healthy tomato plants, those of T. vaporariorum-infested tomato plants attracted E. formosa, and this response varied with host infestation density. Coupled gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analyses revealed that host infestation densities induced varying qualitative and quantitative differences in volatile compositions between healthy and T. vaporariorum adult-infested tomato plants. Bioassays using synthetic chemicals revealed the attractiveness of 3-carene, beta-ocimene, beta-myrcene and alpha-phellandrene to the parasitoid, and the blend of the four compounds elicited the greatest attraction. Our results suggest that these terpenes could be used as an attractant lure to recruit the parasitoid E. formosa for the control of whiteflies in tomato crop fields" |
| Keywords: | Animals Female Hemiptera/*parasitology Host-Parasite Interactions Solanum lycopersicum/*physiology Pheromones Smell *Volatile Organic Compounds Wasps/*physiology HIPVs Kairomone Olfactometer Solanum lycopersicum Terpenes Whitefly; |
| Notes: | "MedlineAyelo, Pascal M Yusuf, Abdullahi A Pirk, Christian W W Mohamed, Samira A Chailleux, Anasmall yi, Ukrainians Deletre, Emilie eng ANR-16-CE32-0010-01/Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ 2021/01/17 J Chem Ecol. 2021 Feb; 47(2):192-203. doi: 10.1007/s10886-021-01245-2. Epub 2021 Jan 16" |
