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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Effects of child care center ventilation strategies on volatile organic compounds of indoor and outdoor origins
Author(s):		Zuraimi MS; Tham KW;
Address:		"Department of Building, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, SDE2, Singapore. bdgzms@nus.edu.sg"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2008
Volume:		42
Issue:		6
Page Number:		2054 - 2059
DOI:		10.1021/es0714033
ISSN/ISBN:		0013-936X (Print) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Preschool children can be at risk from harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposures in child care centers (CCCs). However, the effectiveness of ventilation for mitigating indoor VOCs exposures from myriad sources in CCCs is unclear. We investigated relationships between indoor exposures and risks of VOCs from indoor and outdoor sources under differentventilation strategies in 104 tropical CCCs. Factor analyses identified five dominant source groups of which four were associated with indoor sources, and one was associated with both indoor and outdoor sources. Indoor VOCs exposures and risks associated with indoor sources were lower in naturally (NV) and hybrid ventilated (HB) CCCs compared to air-conditioned CCCs (ACMV and AC). This is attributed to enhanced dilution via higher ventilation in NV and HB CCCs compared to ACMV and AC CCCs. Conversely, there were no discernible differences in VOCs exposures and risk associated with both indoorand outdoor sources across differentventilation strategies. The observations made in this study have implications of ventilation strategies used in other settings. To mitigate VOCs exposures and risk, it is important to identify their major indoor and outdoor sources first"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*analysis/toxicity Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/*analysis Child *Child Day Care Centers Environmental Monitoring Epidemiological Monitoring Humans Neoplasms/epidemiology Organic Chemicals/*analysis/toxicity Risk Assessment Singapor;"
Notes:		"MedlineZuraimi, Mohamed S Tham, Kwok W eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2008/04/16 Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Mar 15; 42(6):2054-9. doi: 10.1021/es0714033"