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Microbiome

Title:		Huddling remodels gut microbiota to reduce energy requirements in a small mammal species during cold exposure
Author(s):		Zhang XY; Sukhchuluun G; Bo TB; Chi QS; Yang JJ; Chen B; Zhang L; Wang DH;
Address:		"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China. Microbiome Research Center, Shandong Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Ji'nan, 250101, China. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. wangdh@ioz.ac.cn. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. wangdh@ioz.ac.cn"
Journal Title:		Microbiome
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180608
Issue:		1
Page Number:		103 -
DOI:		10.1186/s40168-018-0473-9
ISSN/ISBN:		2049-2618 (Electronic) 2049-2618 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Huddling is highly evolved as a cooperative behavioral strategy for social mammals to maximize their fitness in harsh environments. Huddling behavior can change psychological and physiological responses. The coevolution of mammals with their microbial communities confers fitness benefits to both partners. The gut microbiome is a key regulator of host immune and metabolic functions. We hypothesized that huddling behavior altered energetics and thermoregulation by shaping caecal microbiota in small herbivores. Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) were maintained in a group (huddling) or as individuals (separated) and were exposed to warm (23 +/- 1 degrees C) and cold (4 +/- 1 degrees C) air temperatures (T(a)). RESULTS: Voles exposed to cold T(a) had higher energy intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) than voles exposed to warm T(a). Huddling voles had lower RMR and NST than separated voles in cold. In addition, huddling voles had a higher surface body temperature (T(surface)), but lower core body temperature (T(core)) than separated voles, suggesting a lower set-point of T(core) in huddling voles. Both cold and huddling induced a marked variation in caecal bacterial composition, which was associated with the lower T(core). Huddling voles had a higher alpha and beta-diversity, abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Veillonellaceae, but lower abundance of Cyanobacteria, Tenericutes, TM7, Comamonadaceae, and Sinobacteraceae than separated voles. Huddling or cold resulted in higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetic acid and butyric acid when compared to their counterparts. Transplantation of caecal microbiota from cold-separated voles but not from cold-huddling voles induced significant increases in energy intake and RMR compared to that from warm-separated voles. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that the remodeling of gut microbiota, which is associated with a reduction in host T(core), mediates cold- and huddling-induced energy intake and thermoregulation and therefore orchestrates host metabolic and thermal homeostasis. It highlights the coevolutionary mechanism of host huddling and gut microbiota in thermoregulation and energy saving for winter survival in endotherms"
Keywords:		"Adaptation, Physiological/*physiology Animals Arvicolinae/*microbiology/*physiology Basal Metabolism/physiology Behavior, Animal/physiology Body Temperature/physiology Cecum/*microbiology *Cold Temperature Fatty Acids, Volatile/blood Female Gastrointestin;"
Notes:		"MedlineZhang, Xue-Ying Sukhchuluun, Gansukh Bo, Ting-Bei Chi, Qing-Sheng Yang, Jun-Jie Chen, Bin Zhang, Lei Wang, De-Hua eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2018/06/10 Microbiome. 2018 Jun 8; 6(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0473-9"