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Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

Title:		Current understandings and perspectives on non-cancer health effects of benzene: a global concern
Author(s):		Bahadar H; Mostafalou S; Abdollahi M;
Address:		"International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Electronic address: Mohammad.Abdollahi@UToronto.Ca"
Journal Title:		Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
Year:		2014
Volume:		20140301
Issue:		2
Page Number:		83 - 94
DOI:		10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.012
ISSN/ISBN:		1096-0333 (Electronic) 0041-008X (Linking)
Abstract:		"OBJECTIVE: Benzene, as a volatile organic compound, is known as one of the main air pollutants in the environment. The aim of this review is to summarize all available evidences on non-cancerous health effects of benzene providing an overview of possible association of exposure to benzene with human chronic diseases, specially, in those regions of the world where benzene concentration is being poorly monitored. METHODOLOGY: A bibliographic search of scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scirus was conducted with key words of 'benzene toxic health effects', 'environmental volatile organic compounds', 'diabetes mellitus and environmental pollutants', 'breast cancer and environmental pollution', 'prevalence of lung cancer', and 'diabetes prevalence'. More than 300 peer reviewed papers were examined. Experimental and epidemiologic studies reporting health effects of benzene and volatile organic compounds were included in the study. RESULTS: Epidemiologic and experimental studies suggest that benzene exposure can lead to numerous non-cancerous health effects associated with functional aberration of vital systems in the body like reproductive, immune, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, and respiratory. CONCLUSION: Chronic diseases have become a health burden of global dimension with special emphasis in regions with poor monitoring over contents of benzene in petrochemicals. Benzene is a well known carcinogen of blood and its components, but the concern of benzene exposure is more than carcinogenicity of blood components and should be evaluated in both epidemiologic and experimental studies. Aspect of interactions and mechanism of toxicity in relation to human general health problems especially endocrine disturbances with particular reference to diabetes, breast and lung cancers should be followed up"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*toxicity Alzheimer Disease/chemically induced Animals Benzene/analysis/*toxicity Cognition/drug effects Environmental Exposure Epigenesis, Genetic/drug effects Gasoline/analysis Glucose/metabolism Humans Liver/drug effects Reactive Oxygen;"
Notes:		"MedlineBahadar, Haji Mostafalou, Sara Abdollahi, Mohammad eng Review 2014/03/05 Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Apr 15; 276(2):83-94. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Mar 1"