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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		"Contact and fumigant toxicity of Armoracia rusticana essential oil, allyl isothiocyanate and related compounds to Dermatophagoides farinae"
Author(s):		Yun YK; Kim HK; Kim JR; Hwang K; Ahn YJ;
Address:		"Entomology Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2012
Volume:		20111118
Issue:		5
Page Number:		788 - 794
DOI:		10.1002/ps.2327
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: The toxicity to adult Dermatophagoides farinae of allyl isothiocyanate identified in horseradish, Armoracia rusticana, oil and another 27 organic isothiocyanates was evaluated using contact + fumigant and vapour-phase mortality bioassays. Results were compared with those of two conventional acaricides, benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate. RESULTS: Horseradish oil (24 h LC(50), 1.54 microg cm(-2)) and allyl isothiocyanate (2.52 microg cm(-2)) were highly toxic. Benzyl isothiocyanate (LC(50) , 0.62 microg cm(-2)) was the most toxic compound, followed by 4-chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, cyclohexyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl and 2-bromophenyl isothiocyanates (0.93-1.41 microg cm(-2)). All were more effective than either benzyl benzoate (LC(50) , 4.58 microg cm(-2)) or dibutyl phthalate (24.49 microg cm(-2)). The structure-activity relationship indicates that types of functional group and chemical structure appear to play a role in determining the isothiocyanate toxicities to adult D. farinae. In the vapour-phase mortality bioassay, these isothiocyanates were consistently more toxic in closed versus open containers, indicating that their mode of delivery was, in part, a result of vapour action. CONCLUSION: In the light of global efforts to reduce the level of highly toxic synthetic acaricides in indoor environments, the horseradish oil-derived compounds and the isothiocyanates described herein merit further study as potential acaricides for the control of house dust mite populations as fumigants with contact action"
Keywords:		"Acaricides/*toxicity Animals Armoracia/*chemistry Dermatophagoides farinae/*drug effects Fumigation Isothiocyanates/*toxicity Oils, Volatile/*toxicity Plant Extracts/*toxicity Plant Oils/*toxicity Structure-Activity Relationship;"
Notes:		"MedlineYun, Yeon-Kyeong Kim, Hyun-Kyung Kim, Jun-Ran Hwang, Kumnara Ahn, Young-Joon eng England 2011/11/22 Pest Manag Sci. 2012 May; 68(5):788-94. doi: 10.1002/ps.2327. Epub 2011 Nov 18"