« Previous AbstractEffects of Different Extraction Methods on Vanilla Aroma    Next AbstractThe diurnal emission of floral scent in Oncidium hybrid orchid is controlled by CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) through the direct regulation on terpene synthase »

Sci Total Environ

Title:		Emission characteristics of naphthalene from ship exhausts under global sulfur cap
Author(s):		Yeh CK; Tzu FM; Chen PY; Shen HC; Yuan CS; Lin C; Pu HP; Ngo HH; Bui XT;
Address:		"Department of Marine Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 805301, Taiwan. Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan. Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan. Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan. Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811213, Taiwan. Electronic address: ctlin@nkust.edu.tw. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia. Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230808
Issue:
Page Number:		166172 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166172
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The global sulfur limit regulation mandates the use of 0.5 % low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). However, the addition of naphthalene (Nap) to LSFO to stabilize its quality has led to an increase in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with Nap being the main pollutant. This study investigates the effects of Nap in ship exhaust by analyzing the emission concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Nap in the exhaust of 16 ships, including 2 container ships, 6 bulk carriers, 1 tanker, 2 ferries, 3 fishing vessels, and 2 harbor crafts, based on USEPA method TO-15A. The results show that the percentage of Nap emissions in the exhaust gases of the 16 ship engines ranged from 77 % to 97 % of the total volatile organic compound (TVOC). The Nap concentration in the exhaust of fishing vessels, tanker, and harbor craft exceeded the occupational exposure limit of 50,000 mug/m(3), with fishing vessels having the highest TVOC and Nap concentrations. The enhanced Nap emission in the air degrades air quality in port cities and poses an obvious potential public health risk. While the benefits of the global sulfur cap are being secured, additional efforts should be made to reduce the undetected side effects. Alternative stabilizers of LSFO should be considered, or Nap emission control should be boosted to mitigate the potential negative impact on harbor air quality"
Keywords:		Harbor air quality IMO sulfur cap Low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) Naphthalene Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Ship emission;
Notes:		"PublisherYeh, Chin-Ko Tzu, Fu-Ming Chen, Po-Yang Shen, Hsueh-Chen Yuan, Chung-Shin Lin, Chitsan Pu, Han-Pin Ngo, Huu Hao Bui, Xuan-Thanh eng Netherlands 2023/08/11 Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 8; 902:166172. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166172"