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J Environ Manage

Title:		Degradation of a model azo dye in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) operated with powdered activated carbon (PAC)
Author(s):		Baeta BE; Luna HJ; Sanson AL; Silva SQ; Aquino SF;
Address:		"Post-Graduate Programme in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil. bruno.baeta@ambiental.ufop.br"
Journal Title:		J Environ Manage
Year:		2013
Volume:		20130626
Issue:
Page Number:		462 - 470
DOI:		10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.038
ISSN/ISBN:		1095-8630 (Electronic) 0301-4797 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This work investigated the anaerobic degradation of the model azo dye Remazol Yellow Gold RNL in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) and two submerged anaerobic membrane (SAMBR) bioreactors, one of which (SAMBR-1) was operated with powdered activated carbon (PAC) in its interior. The reactors were operated at 35 degrees C with a hydraulic retention time of 24 h in three operational phases, aimed to assess the effect of external sources of carbon (glucose) or redox mediator (yeast extract) on the removal or color and organic matter. The results showed that removal efficiencies of COD (73-94%) and color (90-94%) were higher for SAMBR-1 when compared to SAMBR-2 (operated without PAC) and UASB reactors. In addition, the presence of PAC in SAMBR-1 increased reactor stability, thereby leading to a lower accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA). The microfiltration membrane was responsible for an additional removal of ~50% of soluble residual COD in the form of VFA, thus improving permeate quality. On its turn, PAC exhibited the ability to adsorb byproducts (aromatic amines) of azo dye degradation as well as to act as source of immobilized redox mediator (quinone groups on its surface), thereby enhancing color removal"
Keywords:		"Amines/metabolism Anaerobiosis Azo Compounds/*metabolism Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis *Bioreactors/microbiology Carbon/metabolism Charcoal Color Coloring Agents/*metabolism Equipment Design Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism Filtration/instrumentation;"
Notes:		"MedlineBaeta, B E L Luna, H J Sanson, A L Silva, S Q Aquino, S F eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2013/07/03 J Environ Manage. 2013 Oct 15; 128:462-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.038. Epub 2013 Jun 26"