| Title: | Aggregation Behavior and a Putative Aggregation Pheromone in Sugar Beet Root Maggot Flies (Diptera: Ulidiidae) |
| Author(s): | Wenninger EJ; Emmert SY; Tindall K; Ding H; Boetel MA; Rajabaskar D; Eigenbrode SD; |
| Address: | "Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, Kimberly, ID 83341. Corresponding author, e-mail: erikw@uidaho.edu. Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844. Twin Falls County Cooperative Extension, 246 3rd Ave. East, Twin Falls, ID 83301. Current address: Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079. Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, NDSU Dept. 7650, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108. Current address: Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, India" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1536-2442 (Electronic) 1536-2442 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Male-biased aggregations of sugar beet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis (Roder) (Diptera: Ulidiidae), flies were observed on utility poles near sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. [Chenopodiaceae]) fields in southern Idaho; this contrasts with the approximately equal sex ratio typically observed within fields. Peak observation of mating pairs coincided with peak diurnal abundance of flies. Volatiles released by individual male and female flies were sampled from 08:00 to 24:00 hours in the laboratory using solid-phase microextraction and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Eleven compounds were uniquely detected from males. Three of these compounds (2-undecanol, 2-decanol, and sec-nonyl acetate) were detected in greater quantities during 12:00-24:00 hours than during 08:00-12:00 hours. The remaining eight compounds uniquely detected from males did not exhibit temporal trends in release. Both sexes produced 2-nonanol, but males produced substantially higher (ca. 80-fold) concentrations of this compound than females, again peaking after 12:00 hours. The temporal synchrony among male aggregation behavior, peak mating rates, and release of certain volatile compounds by males suggest that T. myopaeformis flies exhibit lekking behavior and produce an associated pheromone. Field assays using synthetic blends of the putative aggregation pheromone showed evidence of attraction in both females and males" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Beta vulgaris/growth & development Chemotaxis/*drug effects Diptera/*physiology Female Idaho Male North Dakota Pheromones/metabolism/*pharmacology Sex Attractants/metabolism/*pharmacology *Sexual Behavior, Animal Beta vulgaris Tetanops myopaeformi;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineWenninger, Erik J Emmert, Susan Y Tindall, Kelly Ding, Hongjian Boetel, Mark A Rajabaskar, D Eigenbrode, Sanford D eng 2017/04/20 J Insect Sci. 2017 Jan 1; 17(1):29. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew123" |
