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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Title:		"Field investigation of temporal variation of volatile organic compounds at a landfill in Hangzhou, China"
Author(s):		Wang Q; Zuo X; Xia M; Xie H; He F; Shen S; Bouazza A; Zhu L;
Address:		"College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. xiehaijian@zju.edu.cn. MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. xiehaijian@zju.edu.cn. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Year:		2019
Volume:		20190429
Issue:		18
Page Number:		18162 - 18180
DOI:		10.1007/s11356-019-04917-5
ISSN/ISBN:		1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Variation of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration and composition in an active landfill were monitored by a developed static chamber for 2 years. The landfill gas from 82 sampling points including 70 points on working face, 8 points on geomembrane (GMB), and 4 points on final cover were analyzed for VOCs by GC-MS. Twenty-eight types of VOCs were detected, including terpenes, sulfur compounds, aromatics, hydrocarbon, oxygenated compounds, aldehyde compounds, and halogenated compounds. Terpenes were the dominant VOCs recorded in the spring, autumn, and winter seasons, whereas sulfur compounds dominated in the summer season. Limonene, ethyl alcohol, and acetone were identified as the main VOCs emitted from the waste working face of the landfill. Limonene dominated the terpenes with a maximum concentration of 43.29 mug m(-3) in the autumn season. Limonene was also the dominant VOC escaping from the defects of geomembrane temporary cover reaching an average concentration 38 mug m(-3). The defects of geomembranes can be a great emission source of VOCs. Emission rate of limonene was 2.24 times higher than that on the working face. VOC concentrations on the final cover can be 166 times less than those obtained on the working face. VOC emitted from the landfill did not represent a health threat for human health. However, concentrations of methyl mercaptan and ethanethiol on the working face were 3.4-22.8 times greater than their odor threshold, which were the main compounds responsible for odor nuisance. Results obtained from CALPUFF model indicated that methyl mercaptan and ethanethiol would not be a nuisance for the residents around the landfill. However, these compounds are harmful to the workers on the landfill"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/*analysis China *Environmental Monitoring/methods Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Seasons Sulfhydryl Compounds/analysis Sulfur Compounds/analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis *Waste Disposal Facilities Air pollution Cover syste;
Notes:		"MedlineWang, Qiao Zuo, Xinru Xia, Min Xie, Haijian He, Feiyu Shen, Siliang Bouazza, Abdelmalek Zhu, Lili eng 41672288/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 51478427/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 51278452/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 51008274/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 2017QNA4028/Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/ 2015C31005/Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project/ Germany 2019/05/01 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jun; 26(18):18162-18180. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04917-5. Epub 2019 Apr 29"