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J Oleo Sci

Title:		Characterization of aroma-active compounds in dry flower of Malva sylvestris L. by GC-MS-O analysis and OAV calculations
Author(s):		Usami A; Kashima Y; Marumoto S; Miyazawa M;
Address:		"Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University"
Journal Title:		J Oleo Sci
Year:		2013
Volume:		62
Issue:		8
Page Number:		563 - 570
DOI:		10.5650/jos.62.563
ISSN/ISBN:		1347-3352 (Electronic) 1345-8957 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In this study, the aroma-active compounds in the dried flower of Malva sylvestris L. were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA). A light yellow oil with a sweet odor was obtained with a percentage yield of 0.039% (w/w), and 143 volatile compounds (89.86%) were identified by GC-MS. The main compounds were hexadecanoic acid (10.1%), pentacosane (4.8%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (4.1%). The essential oil consisted mainly of hydrocarbons (25.40%) followed by, alcohols (18.78%), acids (16.66%), ethers (5.01%) ketones (7.28%), esters(12.43%), aldehydes (2.30%) and others (2.00%). Of these compounds, 20 were determined by GC-O and AEDA, to be odor-active (FD (flavor dilution) factor >/= 1). beta-Damascenone (FD = 9, sweet), phenylacetaldehyde (FD = 8, floral, honey-like) and (E)-beta-ocimene (FD = 8, spicy) were the most intense aroma-active compounds in M. sylvestris. In order to determine the relative contribution of each of the compounds to the aroma of M. sylvestris, odor activity values (OAVs) were used. beta-Damascenone had the highest odor activity values (OAV) (50,700), followed by (E)-beta-ionone (15,444) and decanal (3,510). In particular, beta-damascenone had a high FD factors, and therefore, this compound was considered to be the main aroma-active components of the essential oil. On the basis of AEDA, OAVs, and sensory evaluation results, beta-damascenone is estimated to be the main aroma-active compound of the essential oil"
Keywords:		"Acetaldehyde/analogs & derivatives/isolation & purification Chromatography, Gas/*methods Flowers/*chemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Malva/*chemistry Norisoprenoids/*isolation & purification Odorants/*analysis Oils, Volatile/*analysis;"
Notes:		"MedlineUsami, Atsushi Kashima, Yusei Marumoto, Shinsuke Miyazawa, Mitsuo eng Japan 2013/08/30 J Oleo Sci. 2013; 62(8):563-70. doi: 10.5650/jos.62.563"