| Title: | Biophysical properties of membrane lipids of anammox bacteria: I. Ladderane phospholipids form highly organized fluid membranes |
| Author(s): | Boumann HA; Longo ML; Stroeve P; Poolman B; Hopmans EC; Stuart MC; Sinninghe Damste JS; Schouten S; |
| Address: | "Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB, Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.04.008 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 0006-3002 (Print) 0006-3002 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Anammox bacteria that are capable of anaerobically oxidizing ammonium (anammox) with nitrite to nitrogen gas produce unique membrane phospholipids that comprise hydrocarbon chains with three or five linearly condensed cyclobutane rings. To gain insight into the biophysical properties of these 'ladderane' lipids, we have isolated a ladderane phosphatidylcholine and a mixed ladderane phosphatidylethanolamine/phosphatidylglycerol lipid fraction and reconstituted these lipids in different membrane environments. Langmuir monolayer experiments demonstrated that the purified ladderane phospholipids form fluid films with a relatively high lipid packing density. Fluid-like behavior was also observed for ladderane lipids in bilayer systems as monitored by cryo-electron microscopy on large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and epi-fluorescence microscopy on giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). Analysis of the LUVs by fluorescence depolarization revealed a relatively high acyl chain ordering in the hydrophobic region of the ladderane phospholipids. Micropipette aspiration experiments were applied to study the mechanical properties of ladderane containing lipid bilayers and showed a relatively high apparent area compressibility modulus for ladderane containing GUVs, thereby confirming the fluid and acyl chain ordered characteristics of these lipids. The biophysical findings in this study support the previous postulation that dense membranes in anammox cells protect these microbes against the highly toxic and volatile anammox metabolites" |
| Keywords: | Bacteria/*chemistry/metabolism Cell Membrane/*chemistry Mechanical Phenomena *Membrane Fluidity Membrane Lipids/*chemistry Phospholipids/*chemistry Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/*metabolism Unilamellar Liposomes/chemistry; |
| Notes: | "MedlineBoumann, Henry A Longo, Marjorie L Stroeve, Pieter Poolman, Bert Hopmans, Ellen C Stuart, Marc C A Sinninghe Damste, Jaap S Schouten, Stefan eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2009/04/21 Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Jul; 1788(7):1444-51. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.04.008. Epub 2009 Apr 17" |
