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J Air Waste Manag Assoc

Title:		Determination of Source Contributions to Ambient Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Berlin
Author(s):		Thijsse TR; van Oss RF; Lenschow P;
Address:		"a TNO Institute of Environmental Sciences, Energy Research and Process Innovation , Apeldoorn , The Netherlands. b Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute , De Bilt , The Netherlands. c Senatsverwaltung fur Stadtentwicklung, Umweltschutz und Technologie Berlin , Berlin , Germany"
Journal Title:		J Air Waste Manag Assoc
Year:		1999
Volume:		49
Issue:		12
Page Number:		1394 - 1404
DOI:		10.1080/10473289.1999.10463974
ISSN/ISBN:		2162-2906 (Electronic) 1096-2247 (Linking)
Abstract:		"During three measuring campaigns in June, July, and August 1996, volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations were measured at a rural background site, a city residential site, and a street site in Berlin. In addition, samples were taken near relevant sources of VOCs. The meaurements covered the volatile hydrocarbons in the range C(1)-C(14) and included aldehydes and ketones. Samples were taken at four characteristic periods of 2 hr/day: during the night, during the early morning rush hour, at midday, and during the evening rush hour. An assessment of the contribution of emission categories to the observed concentrations was made with the chemical mass balance (CMB) modelling technique. The VOC concentrations at the residential area and at the street site in the inner city were, respectively, a factor of 3 and 7 above the background concentration. Traffic exhaust contributed approximately 80-90% of the non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) concentration in the inner city and approximately 60% at the background area. Evaporative losses of motor fuel are estimated to account for approximately 7% at all sites. Natural gas leakage also contributed significantly to the observed VOC concentrations: in the inner city approximately 510% and at the background area approximately 30%. The measurements also showed a contribution of smaller sources, such as dry cleaning, use of solvents, and bio-genic emissions. However, the contribution of these sources to the total observed concentrations at the sites is estimated to be very small"
Keywords:
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEThijsse, Tom R van Oss, Roeland F Lenschow, Peter eng 1999/12/01 J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1999 Dec; 49(12):1394-1404. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1999.10463974"