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J Periodontol

Title:		"Effect of eucalyptus-extract chewing gum on oral malodor: a double-masked, randomized trial"
Author(s):		Tanaka M; Toe M; Nagata H; Ojima M; Kuboniwa M; Shimizu K; Osawa K; Shizukuishi S;
Address:		"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan. tanakam@dent.osaka-u.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		J Periodontol
Year:		2010
Volume:		20100701
Issue:		11
Page Number:		1564 - 1571
DOI:		10.1902/jop.2010.100249
ISSN/ISBN:		1943-3670 (Electronic) 0022-3492 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Eucalyptus extracts were found to possess an antibacterial activity against some oral pathogens that produce oral malodor compounds in vitro; however, the clinical effects with respect to oral malodor in humans remain unproven. In the present investigation, a randomized clinical study was designed to test the hypothesis that eucalyptus-extract chewing gum can reduce oral malodor in the general adult population. METHODS: Subjects were randomly assigned to the following three groups: a high-concentration (0.6% eucalyptus extract) group (n = 32), a low-concentration (0.4% eucalyptus extract) group (n = 32), and a placebo group (n = 33). The intake period was 12 weeks. The organoleptic score, level of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), and tongue-coating score were recorded at baseline and 4, 8, 12, and 14 weeks. Treatment-to-time interactions among groups were evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Games-Howell pairwise comparison test. RESULTS: Relative to baseline readings, significant reductions in clinical parameters, including organoleptic and tongue-coating scores in the high- and/or low-concentration groups, occurred at 4, 8, 12, and 14 weeks (P <0.05). In addition, group-time interactions revealed significant reductions in the organoleptic score, VSCs, and tongue-coating score in both concentration groups compared to the placebo group (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Eucalyptus-extract chewing gum had long-term effects on the olganoleptic score, levels of VSCs, and tongue-coating score. These findings suggest that eucalyptus-extract chewing gum may reduce oral malodor by decreasing the accumulation of tongue coating"
Keywords:		"Adult *Chewing Gum Chromatography, Gas Double-Blind Method *Eucalyptus Female Follow-Up Studies Halitosis/metabolism/*prevention & control Humans Male Middle Aged Placebos Plant Extracts/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use Sulfur Compounds/analysis T;"
Notes:		"MedlineTanaka, Muneo Toe, Masahiro Nagata, Hideki Ojima, Miki Kuboniwa, Masae Shimizu, Katsumasa Osawa, Kenji Shizukuishi, Satoshi eng Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2010/07/03 J Periodontol. 2010 Nov; 81(11):1564-71. doi: 10.1902/jop.2010.100249. Epub 2010 Jul 1"