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Microb Ecol

Title:		An endophytic Phomopsis sp. possessing bioactivity and fuel potential with its volatile organic compounds
Author(s):		Singh SK; Strobel GA; Knighton B; Geary B; Sears J; Ezra D;
Address:		"Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA"
Journal Title:		Microb Ecol
Year:		2011
Volume:		20110218
Issue:		4
Page Number:		729 - 739
DOI:		10.1007/s00248-011-9818-7
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-184X (Electronic) 0095-3628 (Linking)
Abstract:		"An unusual Phomopsis sp. was isolated as endophyte of Odontoglossum sp. (Orchidaceae), associated with a cloud forest in Northern Ecuador. This fungus produces a unique mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including sabinene (a monoterpene with a peppery odor) only previously known from higher plants. In addition, some of the other more abundant VOCs recorded by GC/MS in this organism were 1-butanol, 3-methyl; benzeneethanol; 1-propanol, 2-methyl and 2-propanone. The gases of Phomopsis sp. possess antifungal properties and an artificial mixture of the VOCs mimicked the antibiotic effects of this organism with the greatest bioactivity against a wide range of plant pathogenic test fungi including: Pythium, Phytophthora, Sclerotinia, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Botrytis, Verticillium, and Colletotrichum. The IC(50) values for the artificial gas mixture of Phomopsis sp. varied between 8 and 25.65 mul/mL. Proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry monitored the concentration of VOCs emitted by Phomopsis sp. and yielded a total VOC concentration of ca. 18 ppmv in the head space at the seventh day of incubation at 23 degrees C on PDA. As with many VOC-producing endophytes, this Phomopsis sp. did survive and grow in the presence of the inhibitory gases of Muscodor albus. A discussion is presented on the possible involvement of VOC production by the fungus and its role in the biology/ecology of the fungus/plant/environmental relationship"
Keywords:		Antifungal Agents/*metabolism/pharmacology Ascomycota/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/*metabolism Fungi/drug effects Molecular Sequence Data Orchidaceae/*microbiology Phylogeny Plant Diseases/microbiology Volatile Organic Compounds/*metab;
Notes:		"MedlineSingh, Sanjay K Strobel, Gary A Knighton, Berk Geary, Brad Sears, Joe Ezra, David eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2011/02/19 Microb Ecol. 2011 May; 61(4):729-39. doi: 10.1007/s00248-011-9818-7. Epub 2011 Feb 18"