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J Thorac Dis

Title:		Biomarkers of progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Author(s):		Shaw JG; Vaughan A; Dent AG; O'Hare PE; Goh F; Bowman RV; Fong KM; Yang IA;
Address:		"1 Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia ; 2 UQ Thoracic Research Centre, School of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia"
Journal Title:		J Thorac Dis
Year:		2014
Volume:		6
Issue:		11
Page Number:		1532 - 1547
DOI:		10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.11.33
ISSN/ISBN:		2072-1439 (Print) 2077-6624 (Electronic) 2072-1439 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Disease progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is variable, with some patients having a relatively stable course, while others suffer relentless progression leading to severe breathlessness, frequent acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), respiratory failure and death. Radiological markers such as CT emphysema index, bronchiectasis and coronary artery calcification (CAC) have been linked with increased mortality in COPD patients. Molecular changes in lung tissue reflect alterations in lung pathology that occur with disease progression; however, lung tissue is not routinely accessible. Cell counts (including neutrophils) and mediators in induced sputum have been associated with lung function and risk of exacerbations. Examples of peripheral blood biological markers (biomarkers) include those associated with lung function (reduced CC-16), emphysema severity (increased adiponectin, reduced sRAGE), exacerbations and mortality [increased CRP, fibrinogen, leukocyte count, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)] including increased YKL-40 with mortality. Emerging approaches to discovering markers of gene-environment interaction include exhaled breath analysis [volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exhaled breath condensate], cellular and systemic responses to exposure to air pollution, alterations in the lung microbiome, and biomarkers of lung ageing such as telomere length shortening and reduced levels of sirtuins. Overcoming methodological challenges in sampling and quality control will enable more robust yet easily accessible biomarkers to be developed and qualified, in order to optimise personalised medicine in patients with COPD"
Keywords:		Pulmonary disease biological markers (biomarkers) blood chronic obstructive disease progression lung sputum;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEShaw, Janet G Vaughan, Annalicia Dent, Annette G O'Hare, Phoebe E Goh, Felicia Bowman, Rayleen V Fong, Kwun M Yang, Ian A eng Review China 2014/12/06 J Thorac Dis. 2014 Nov; 6(11):1532-47. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.11.33"