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Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Distinct Signatures of Host Defense Suppression by Plant-Feeding Mites
Author(s):		Schimmel BCJ; Alba JM; Wybouw N; Glas JJ; Meijer TT; Schuurink RC; Kant MR;
Address:		"Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. bart.schimmel@ips.unibe.ch. Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. J.M.AlbaCano@uva.nl. Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Nicky.Wybouw@UGent.be. Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Nicky.Wybouw@UGent.be. Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.glas@rijkzwaan.nl. Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. tomastmeijer@hotmail.com. Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94215, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. R.C.Schuurink@uva.nl. Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. M.Kant@uva.nl"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2018
Volume:		20181020
Issue:		10
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ijms19103265
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Tomato plants are attacked by diverse herbivorous arthropods, including by cell-content-feeding mites, such as the extreme generalist Tetranychus urticae and specialists like Tetranychus evansi and Aculops lycopersici. Mite feeding induces plant defense responses that reduce mite performance. However, T. evansi and A. lycopersici suppress plant defenses via poorly understood mechanisms and, consequently, maintain a high performance on tomato. On a shared host, T. urticae can be facilitated by either of the specialist mites, likely due to the suppression of plant defenses. To better understand defense suppression and indirect plant-mediated interactions between herbivorous mites, we used gene-expression microarrays to analyze the transcriptomic changes in tomato after attack by either a single mite species (T. urticae, T. evansi, A. lycopersici) or two species simultaneously (T. urticae plus T. evansi or T. urticae plus A. lycopersici). Additionally, we assessed mite-induced changes in defense-associated phytohormones using LC-MS/MS. Compared to non-infested controls, jasmonates (JAs) and salicylate (SA) accumulated to higher amounts upon all mite-infestation treatments, but the response was attenuated after single infestations with defense-suppressors. Strikingly, whereas 8 to 10% of tomato genes were differentially expressed upon single infestations with T. urticae or A. lycopersici, respectively, only 0.1% was altered in T. evansi-infested plants. Transcriptome analysis of dual-infested leaves revealed that A. lycopersici primarily suppressed T. urticae-induced JA defenses, while T. evansi dampened T. urticae-triggered host responses on a transcriptome-wide scale. The latter suggests that T. evansi not solely down-regulates plant gene expression, but rather directs it back towards housekeeping levels. Our results provide valuable new insights into the mechanisms underlying host defense suppression and the plant-mediated facilitation of competing herbivores"
Keywords:		Animals Cyclopentanes/metabolism *Host-Parasite Interactions Solanum lycopersicum/*genetics/immunology/parasitology Mites/*pathogenicity Oxylipins/metabolism *Plant Immunity *Transcriptome comparative transcriptomics defense suppression dual infestation f;
Notes:		"MedlineSchimmel, Bernardus C J Alba, Juan M Wybouw, Nicky Glas, Joris J Meijer, Tomas T Schuurink, Robert C Kant, Merijn R eng ALW TTI Green Genetics 828.08.001/Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ ALW TOP 854.11.005/Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ ALW 'Meer met minder' 847.13.005/Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ STW VIDI-13492/Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ 12T9818N/Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ 658795-DOGMITE/H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions/ Switzerland 2018/10/24 Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 20; 19(10):3265. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103265"