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World J Clin Cases

Title:		Exhaled volatile organic compounds for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma
Author(s):		Savito L; Scarlata S; Bikov A; Carratu P; Carpagnano GE; Dragonieri S;
Address:		"Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Pathophysiology and Thoracic Endoscopy, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, Rome 00128, Italy. Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom. Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom. Department of Internal Medicine 'A.Murri', University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari 70124, Italy. Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy. Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy. silvano.dragonieri@uniba.it"
Journal Title:		World J Clin Cases
Year:		2023
Volume:		11
Issue:		21
Page Number:		4996 - 5013
DOI:		10.12998/wjcc.v11.i21.4996
ISSN/ISBN:		2307-8960 (Print) 2307-8960 (Electronic) 2307-8960 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The asthmatic inflammatory process results in the generation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are subsequently secreted by the airways. The study of these elements through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which can identify individual molecules with a discriminatory capacity of over 85%, and electronic-Nose (e-NOSE), which is able to perform a quick onboard pattern-recognition analysis of VOCs, has allowed new prospects for non-invasive analysis of the disease in an 'omics' approach. In this review, we aim to collect and compare the progress made in VOCs analysis using the two methods and their instrumental characteristics. Studies have described the potential of GC-MS and e-NOSE in a multitude of relevant aspects of the disease in both children and adults, as well as differential diagnosis between asthma and other conditions such as wheezing, cystic fibrosis, COPD, allergic rhinitis and last but not least, the accuracy of these methods compared to other diagnostic tools such as lung function, FeNO and eosinophil count. Due to significant limitations of both methods, it is still necessary to improve and standardize techniques. Currently, e-NOSE appears to be the most promising aid in clinical practice, whereas GC-MS, as the gold standard for the structural analysis of molecules, remains an essential tool in terms of research for further studies on the pathophysiologic pathways of the asthmatic inflammatory process. In conclusion, the study of VOCs through GC-MS and e-NOSE appears to hold promise for the non-invasive diagnosis, assessment, and monitoring of asthma, as well as for further research studies on the disease"
Keywords:		Asthma Breathomics Electronic-Nose Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Non-invasive diagnosis Volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINESavito, Luisa Scarlata, Simone Bikov, Andras Carratu, Pierluigi Carpagnano, Giovanna Elisiana Dragonieri, Silvano eng Review 2023/08/16 World J Clin Cases. 2023 Jul 26; 11(21):4996-5013. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i21.4996"