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Water Sci Technol

Title:		"Characterization of microbial community structures and their activities in single anaerobic granules by beta imaging, microsensors and fluorescence in situ hybridization"
Author(s):		Satoh H; Tsushima I; Miura Y; Ito T; Okabe S;
Address:		"Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. qsatoh@eng.hokudai.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		Water Sci Technol
Year:		2012
Volume:		65
Issue:		12
Page Number:		2125 - 2131
DOI:		10.2166/wst.2012.117
ISSN/ISBN:		0273-1223 (Print) 0273-1223 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The spatial distribution of microorganisms and their in situ activities in anaerobic granules were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), beta imaging and microsensors. FISH results revealed a layered structure of microorganisms in the granule, where Chloroflexi was present in the outermost layer, Smithella spp. and Syntrophobacter spp. were found in a depth of ca. 100 mum, and Archaea was restricted to the inner layer (below ca. 300 mum from the surface). Substrate uptake patterns elucidated by beta imaging demonstrated that glucose uptake was highest at 50 mum depth, whereas propionate uptake had a peak at 200 mum depth. In addition, microsensor measurements revealed that acid was produced mainly at 100 mum depth and H(2) production was detected at a depth from 100 to 200 mum. H(2) consumption and corresponding CH(4) production were found below 200 mum from the surface. Direct comparison of these results implied sequential degradation of complex organic compounds in anaerobic granules; Chloroflexi contributed to fermentation of organic compounds and acid production in the outermost layer, volatile fatty acids were oxidized and H(2) was produced mainly by Smithella spp. and Syntrophobacter spp. at a depth from 100 to 200 mum, and Archaea produced CH(4) below ca. 300 mum from the surface"
Keywords:		"Anaerobiosis Chloroflexi/genetics/*metabolism In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/*methods Proteobacteria/genetics/*metabolism;"
Notes:		"MedlineSatoh, H Tsushima, I Miura, Y Ito, T Okabe, S eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2012/05/31 Water Sci Technol. 2012; 65(12):2125-31. doi: 10.2166/wst.2012.117"