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Gene

Title:		"The gene repertoire and the common evolutionary history of glutamate, pheromone (V2R), taste(1) and other related G protein-coupled receptors"
Author(s):		Bjarnadottir TK; Fredriksson R; Schioth HB;
Address:		"Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden"
Journal Title:		Gene
Year:		2005
Volume:		20051017
Issue:
Page Number:		70 - 84
DOI:		10.1016/j.gene.2005.07.029
ISSN/ISBN:		0378-1119 (Print) 0378-1119 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Glutamate receptors (also known as clan C) are one of the main groups of GPCRs with many subgroup linked through complex evolutionary relationships. We performed thorough searches for genes coding for proteins belonging to this family in the human, mouse, Fugu, and zebrafish genomes, as well as in four invertebrate species. We assembled over 70 new full-length sequences from protein predictions excluding pseudogenes. This resulted in a total of 22 full-length sequences from the human genome, 79 from the mouse genome, 30 from the Fugu genome, and 32 from the zebrafish genome (pseudogenes are not included in these numbers). We show that the vertebrate Glutamate GPCRs form four main phylogenetic groups with a total of eight subgroups (Group I: V2R, TAS1R, GPRC6A, and CASR, Group II: GRM, Group III: GABA together with previously unpublished GPR158 and GPR158L and Group IV: GPRC5). All eight receptor subgroups are present both in mammals and fish, except for GPRC5 and GPR158. The pheromone (V2R), GPRC6, and sweet taste (TAS1) receptors were not found in invertebrates while GRM, GABA, and CASR were found in both C. elegans and C. intestinalis. The pheromone receptors are found in high numbers in mouse, zebrafish and Fugu but are only found as pseudogenes in the human genome. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the expansion/deletions of the groups within the Glutamate receptor family"
Keywords:		"Amino Acid Motifs Animals Cell Size Computational Biology *Evolution, Molecular Expressed Sequence Tags/chemistry Gene Duplication Humans Multigene Family Phylogeny Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry/*genetics Receptors, Glutamate/*genetics Receptors, ;neuroscience;"
Notes:		"MedlineBjarnadottir, Thora K Fredriksson, Robert Schioth, Helgi B eng Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2005/10/19 Gene. 2005 Dec 5; 362:70-84. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2005.07.029. Epub 2005 Oct 17"