| Title: | Effects of Ginkgo biloba constituents on fruit-infesting behavior of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apples |
| Author(s): | Pszczolkowski MA; Durden K; Sellars S; Cowell B; Brown JJ; |
| Address: | "William H. Darr School of Agriculture, Fruit Experiment Station, Missouri State University, 9470 Red Spring Road Mountain Grove, Missouri 65711, United States. MPszczolkowski@missouristate.edu" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a cosmopolitan pest of apple, potentially causing severe damage to the fruit. Currently used methods of combating this insect do not warrant full success or are harmful to the environment. The use of plant-derived semiochemicals for manipulation with fruit-infesting behavior is one of the new avenues for controlling this pest. Here, we explore the potential of Ginkgo biloba and its synthetic metabolites for preventing apple feeding and infestation by neonate larvae of C. pomonella. Experiments with crude extracts indicated that deterrent constituents of ginkgo are present among alkylphenols, terpene trilactones, and flavonol glycosides. Further experiments with ginkgo synthetic metabolites of medical importance, ginkgolic acids, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, ginkgolides, and bilobalide, indicated that three out of these chemicals have feeding deterrent properties. Ginkgolic acid 15:0 prevented fruit infestation at concentrations as low as 1 mg/mL, bilobalide had deterrent effects at 0.1 mg/mL and higher concentrations, and ginkgolide B at 10 mg/mL. On the other hand, kaempferol and quercetin promoted fruit infestation by codling moth neonates. Ginkgolic acids 13:0, 15:1, and 17:1, isorhamnetin, and ginkgolides A and C had no effects on fruit infestation-related behavior. Our research is the first report showing that ginkgo constituents influence fruit infestation behavior and have potential applications in fruit protection" |
| Keywords: | Animals Cyclopentanes/administration & dosage *Fruit Furans/administration & dosage Ginkgo biloba/*chemistry Ginkgolides/administration & dosage *Insecticides Lactones/administration & dosage Larva/physiology *Malus Moths/*physiology Plant Extracts/*chemi; |
| Notes: | "MedlinePszczolkowski, Maciej A Durden, Kevin Sellars, Samantha Cowell, Brian Brown, John J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2011/09/13 J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Oct 26; 59(20):10879-86. doi: 10.1021/jf202386c. Epub 2011 Sep 27" |
