| Title: | Effectiveness of different solid-phase microextraction fibres for differentiation of selected Madeira island fruits based on their volatile metabolite profile--identification of novel compounds |
| Author(s): | Pereira J; Pereira J; Camara JS; |
| Address: | "Centro de Quimica da Madeira, Campus Universitario da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.064 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure based on five commercialised fibres (85 mum polyacrylate - PA, 100 mum polydimethylsiloxane - PDMS, 65 mum polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene - PDMS/DVB, 70 mum carbowax/divinylbenzene - CW/DVB and 85 mum carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane - CAR/PDMS) is presented for the characterization of the volatile metabolite profile of four selected Madeira island fruit species, lemon (Citrus limon), kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), papaya (Carica papaya L.) and Chickasaw plum (Prunus angustifolia). The isolation of metabolites was followed by thermal desorption gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-qMS) methodology. The performance of the target fibres was evaluated and compared. The SPME fibre coated with CW/DVB afforded the highest extraction efficiency in kiwi and papaya pulps, while in lemon and plum the same was achieved with PMDS/DVB fibre. This procedure allowed for the identification of 80 compounds, 41 in kiwi, 24 in plums, 23 in papaya and 20 in lemon. Considering the best extraction conditions, the most abundant volatiles identified in kiwi were the intense aldehydes and ethyl esters such as (E)-2-hexenal and ethyl butyrate, while in Chicasaw plum predominate 2-hexenal, 2-methyl-4-pentenal, hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenol and cyclohexylene oxide. The major compounds identified in the papaya pulp were benzyl isothiocyanate, linalool oxide, furfural, hydroxypropanone, linalool and acetic acid. Finally, lemon was shown to be the most divergent of the four fruits, being its aroma profile composed almost exclusively by terpens, namely limonene, gamma-terpinene, o-cymene and alpha-terpinolene. Thirty two volatiles were identified for the first time in the fruit or close related species analysed and 14 volatiles are reported as novel volatile metabolites in fruits. This includes 5 new compounds in kiwi (2-cyclohexene-1,4-dione, furyl hydroxymethyl ketone, 4-hydroxydihydro-2(3H)-furanone, 5-acetoxymethyl-2-furaldehyde and ethanedioic acid), 4 in plum (4-hydroxydihydro-2(3H)-furanone, 5-methyl-2-pyrazinylmethanol, cyclohexylene oxide and 1-methylcyclohexene), 4 in papaya (octaethyleneglycol, 1,2-cyclopentanedione, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione and 2-furyl methyl ketone) and 2 in lemon (geranyl farnesate and safranal). It is noteworthy that among the 15 volatile metabolites identified in papaya, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione was previously described as a novel PPARgamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) agonist, having a potential to minimize inflammation" |
| Keywords: | Fruit/*classification/*metabolism Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Metabolomics/*methods Organic Chemicals/*analysis/*isolation & purification/metabolism Portugal Reproducibility of Results Solid Phase Microextraction/*methods Time Factors Volatilizat; |
| Notes: | "MedlinePereira, Joao Pereira, Jorge Camara, Jose S eng Netherlands 2010/12/15 Talanta. 2011 Jan 15; 83(3):899-906. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.10.064. Epub 2010 Nov 10" |
