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J Agric Food Chem

Title:		Contribution of several volatile phenols and their glycoconjugates to smoke-related sensory properties of red wine
Author(s):		Parker M; Osidacz P; Baldock GA; Hayasaka Y; Black CA; Pardon KH; Jeffery DW; Geue JP; Herderich MJ; Francis IL;
Address:		"The Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia"
Journal Title:		J Agric Food Chem
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120228
Issue:		10
Page Number:		2629 - 2637
DOI:		10.1021/jf2040548
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Guaiacol and 4-methylguaiacol are well-known as contributors to the flavor of wines made from smoke-affected grapes, but there are other volatile phenols commonly found in smoke from forest fires that are also potentially important. The relationships between the concentration of a range of volatile phenols and their glycoconjugates with the sensory characteristics of wines and model wines were investigated. Modeling of the attribute ratings from a sensory descriptive analysis of smoke-affected wines with their chemical composition indicated the concentrations of guaiacol, o-cresol, m-cresol, and p-cresol were related to smoky attributes. The best-estimate odor thresholds of these compounds were determined in red wine, together with the flavor threshold of guaiacol. Guaiacol beta-D-glucoside and m-cresol beta-D-glucoside in model wine were found to give rise to a smoky/ashy flavor in-mouth, and the respective free volatiles were released. The study indicated that a combination of volatile phenols and their glycosides produces an undesirable smoke flavor in affected wines. The observation of flavor generation from nonvolatile glycoconjugates in-mouth has potentially important implications"
Keywords:		Female Humans Male Odorants/analysis Phenols/*analysis *Taste Vitis/*chemistry Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Wine/*analysis;
Notes:		"MedlineParker, Mango Osidacz, Patricia Baldock, Gayle A Hayasaka, Yoji Black, Cory A Pardon, Kevin H Jeffery, David W Geue, Jason P Herderich, Markus J Francis, I Leigh eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2012/02/14 J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Mar 14; 60(10):2629-37. doi: 10.1021/jf2040548. Epub 2012 Feb 28"