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Environ Monit Assess

Title:		"Evaluation and analysis of perlite and municipal wastewater sludge (biosolids) from three wastewater treatment plants in East Texas, USA"
Author(s):		Onchoke KK; Fateru OO; Friedfeld RB; Weatherford PW;
Address:		"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Box 13006 - SFA Station, Nacogdoches, TX, 75962-13006, USA. Onchokekk@sfasu.edu. Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Box 13006 - SFA Station, Nacogdoches, TX, 75962-13006, USA. Department of Physics, Engineering & Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1901 Raguet St North, Box 13044, Nacogdoches, TX, 75962, USA. Department of Agriculture, Soil, Plant and Water Analysis Lab, Stephen F. Austin State University, P.O. Box 13025 SFA Station, Nacogdoches, TX, 75962-3025, USA"
Journal Title:		Environ Monit Assess
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220124
Issue:		2
Page Number:		121 -
DOI:		10.1007/s10661-022-09794-z
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-2959 (Electronic) 0167-6369 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Municipal wastewater sludge (also known as biosolids) is produced in large quantities from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Traditionally, analyses of biosolids revealed the presence of inorganic (including metals) and organic contaminants which pose health concerns to man and the environment. This study investigated physical-chemical parameters and comparative element concentrations (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, S, Se, Zn, V, Na, S, and P) in biosolids and composted wastewater sludge (CWS) from Nacogdoches Wastewater Treatment Plant (NWWTP), Lufkin Wastewater Treatment Plant (LWWTP), and Angelina-Neches Compost Facility (NCF) in East Texas (USA). In addition, concentrations in perlite, a hydroponic material, were determined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (SEM/EDX), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD)), and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. Via ICP-OES analysis, metal concentrations in biosolid samples were similar. Macroelement amounts followed the order: NWWS approximately LWWS > NCS > perlite. Notably, concentrations in biosolids, CWS, and perlite are below recommended USEPA and WHO maximum ceiling levels. The pH of biosolid samples was determined between 5.33 and 6.74. The weight loses of 6-19% wt at ~ 300-700 ?SG are attributed to volatile compounds and inorganic metal oxides. From environmental and circular economy perspectives, this study shows biosolids to be safe, and potential recycling can be encouraged for use in soil amendments. This finding could find impetus to design of much better WWTPs which improve removal efficiencies and encourage recycling of biosolids"
Keywords:		"Aluminum Oxide Biosolids Environmental Monitoring Humans *Metals, Heavy/analysis Sewage/analysis Silicon Dioxide Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Texas Wastewater *Water Purification Neches Compost Facility (NCF) Perlite Spectroscopic characteriza;"
Notes:		"MedlineOnchoke, Kefa K Fateru, Oluwadamilola O Friedfeld, Robert B Weatherford, Paul W eng Netherlands 2022/01/26 Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Jan 24; 194(2):121. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-09794-z"