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Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

Title:		Elicitation of biomolecules as host defense arsenals during insect attacks on tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze)
Author(s):		Naskar S; Roy C; Ghosh S; Mukhopadhyay A; Hazarika LK; Chaudhuri RK; Roy S; Chakraborti D;
Address:		"Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India. Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, , Darjeeling, 734013, India. Assam Women's University, Jamuguri, Rowriah, Jorhat, Assam, Pin: 785004, India. Department of Botany, Krishnagar Govt. College, Krishnagar, 741101, West Bengal, India. Department of Entomology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, Jorhat, Assam, 785008, India. somnathento@gmail.com. Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India. dcgntcs@caluniv.ac.in"
Journal Title:		Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210913
Issue:		19
Page Number:		7187 - 7199
DOI:		10.1007/s00253-021-11560-z
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-0614 (Electronic) 0175-7598 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The most consumed and economically important beverage plant, tea (Camellia sinensis), and its pests have coevolved so as to maintain the plant-insect interaction. In this review, findings of different research groups on pest responsive tolerance mechanisms that exist in tea manifested through the production of secondary metabolites and their inducers are presented. The phytochemicals of C. sinensis have been categorized into volatiles, nonvolatiles, enzymes, and phytohormones for convenience. Two types of pests, namely the piercing-sucking pests and chewing pests, are associated with tea. Both the insect groups can trigger the production of those metabolites and inducers through several primary and secondary biosynthetic pathways. These induced biomolecules can act as insect repellents and most of them are associated with lowering the nutrient quality of plant tissue and increasing the indigestibility in the pest's gut. Moreover, some of them also act as predator attractants of particular pests. The herbivore-induced plant volatiles secreted from tea plants during pest infestation were (E)-nerolidol, alpha-farnesene, (Z)-3-hexenol, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, indole, benzyl nitrile (BN), linalool, and ocimenes. The nonvolatiles like theaflavin and L-theanine were increased in response to the herbivore attack. Simultaneously, S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthase, caffeine synthase activities were affected, whereas flavonoid synthesis and wax formation were elevated. Defense responsive enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase are involved in pest prevention mechanisms. Phytohormones like jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, and ethylene act as the modulator of the defense system. The objective of this review is to discuss the defensive roles of these metabolites and their inducers against pest infestation in tea with an aim to develop environmentally sustainable pesticides in the future.Key points* Herbivore-induced volatile signals and their effects on neighboring tea plant protection* Stereochemical conversion of volatiles, effects of nonvolatiles, expression of defense-responsive enzymes, and phytohormones due to pest attack* Improved understanding of metabolites for bio-sustainable pesticide development"
Keywords:		Animals *Camellia sinensis Insecta Tea Biopesticides Insect resistance Nonvolatiles Plant-insect interaction Tea secondary metabolites Volatiles;
Notes:		"MedlineNaskar, Sudipta Roy, Chitralekha Ghosh, Sanatan Mukhopadhyay, Ananda Hazarika, Lakshmi Kanta Chaudhuri, Rituparna Kundu Roy, Somnath Chakraborti, Dipankar eng Review Germany 2021/09/14 Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Oct; 105(19):7187-7199. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11560-z. Epub 2021 Sep 13"