| Title: | Ecological and evolutionary factors of intraspecific variation in inducible defenses: Insights gained from Daphnia experiments |
| Address: | Graduate School of Simulation Studies University of Hyogo Kobe Japan |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2045-7758 (Print) 2045-7758 (Electronic) 2045-7758 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Phenotypic variation among individuals and species is a fundamental principle of natural selection. In this review, we focus on numerous experiments involving the model species Daphnia (Crustacea) and categorize the factors, especially secondary ones, affecting intraspecific variations in inducible defense. Primary factors, such as predator type and density, determine the degree to which inducible defense expresses and increases or decreases. Secondary factors, on the other hand, act together with primary factors to inducible defense or without primary factors on inducible defense. The secondary factors increase intraspecies variation in inducible defense, and thus, the level of adaptation of organisms varies within species. Future research will explore the potential for new secondary factors, as well as the relative importance between factors needs to be clarified" |
| Keywords: | Daphnia inducible defense intraspecific variation kairomone phenotypic plasticity; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINENagano, Mariko Doi, Hideyuki eng Review England 2020/09/05 Ecol Evol. 2020 Aug 3; 10(16):8554-8562. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6599. eCollection 2020 Aug" |
