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Environ Geochem Health

Title:		Degradation of four pesticides in five urban landscape soils: human and environmental health risk assessment
Author(s):		Meftaul IM; Venkateswarlu K; Annamalai P; Parven A; Megharaj M;
Address:		"Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh. Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, India. Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, ATC Building, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. megh.mallavarapu@newcastle.edu.au. Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. megh.mallavarapu@newcastle.edu.au"
Journal Title:		Environ Geochem Health
Year:		2023
Volume:		20220511
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1599 - 1614
DOI:		10.1007/s10653-022-01278-w
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-2983 (Electronic) 0269-4042 (Print) 0269-4042 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Pesticides are the most cost-effective means of pest control; however, the serious concern is about the non-target effects due to their extensive and intensive use in both agricultural and non-agricultural settings. The degradation rate constant (k) and half-life (DT(50)) of four commonly used pesticides, glyphosate, 2,4-D, chlorothalonil and dimethoate were determined in five Australian urban landscape soils, with varying physicochemical characteristics, to assess their environmental and human health risks. The k values (day(-1)) for the selected pesticides were inversely proportional to those of organic carbon (OC), silt, clay and Fe and Al oxides, and directly proportional to pH and sand content in soils. In contrast, the calculated values of DT(50) (days) of all the four pesticides in five soils positively correlated with OC, clay, silt and oxides of Fe and Al, whereas soil pH and sand content exhibited a negative correlation. The calculated values of environmental indices, GUS and LIX, for the selected pesticides indicate their potential portability into water bodies, affecting non-target organisms as well as food safety. The evaluation for human non-cancer risk of these pesticides, based on the calculated values of hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI), suggested that exposure of adults and children to soils, contaminated with 50% of initially applied concentrations, through ingestion, dermal and inhalation pathways might cause negligible to zero non-carcinogenic risks. The present data might help the stakeholders in applying recommended doses of pesticides in urban landscapes and regulatory bodies concerned in monitoring the overall environmental quality and implementing safeguard policies. Our study also clearly demonstrates the need for developing improved formulations and spraying technologies for pesticides to minimize human and environmental health risks"
Keywords:		Adult Child Humans *Pesticides/toxicity/analysis Soil/chemistry Clay Sand *Soil Pollutants/analysis Australia Risk Assessment Environmental Monitoring Environmental hazard Half-life Human health risk Pesticide degradation Urban soils;
Notes:		"MedlineMeftaul, Islam Md Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala Annamalai, Prasath Parven, Aney Megharaj, Mallavarapu eng RTP scholarship/University of Newcastle/ Netherlands 2022/05/11 Environ Geochem Health. 2023 May; 45(5):1599-1614. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01278-w. Epub 2022 May 11"