| Title: | The Ca(2+) Channel CNGC19 Regulates Arabidopsis Defense Against Spodoptera Herbivory |
| Author(s): | Meena MK; Prajapati R; Krishna D; Divakaran K; Pandey Y; Reichelt M; Mathew MK; Boland W; Mithofer A; Vadassery J; |
| Address: | "National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India. National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India. Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1532-298X (Electronic) 1040-4651 (Print) 1040-4651 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Cellular calcium elevation is an important signal used by plants for recognition and signaling of environmental stress. Perception of the generalist insect, Spodoptera litura, by Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) activates cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation, which triggers downstream defense. However, not all the Ca(2+) channels generating the signal have been identified, nor are their modes of action known. We report on a rapidly activated, leaf vasculature- and plasma membrane-localized, CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL19 (CNGC19), which activates herbivory-induced Ca(2+) flux and plant defense. Loss of CNGC19 function results in decreased herbivory defense. The cngc19 mutant shows aberrant and attenuated intravascular Ca(2+) fluxes. CNGC19 is a Ca(2+)-permeable channel, as hyperpolarization of CNGC19-expressing Xenopus oocytes in the presence of both cyclic adenosine monophosphate and Ca(2+) results in Ca(2+) influx. Breakdown of Ca(2+)-based defense in cngc19 mutants leads to a decrease in herbivory-induced jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine biosynthesis and expression of JA responsive genes. The cngc19 mutants are deficient in aliphatic glucosinolate accumulation and hyperaccumulate its precursor, methionine. CNGC19 modulates aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis in tandem with BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACID TRANSAMINASE4, which is involved in the chain elongation pathway of Met-derived glucosinolates. Furthermore, CNGC19 interacts with herbivory-induced CALMODULIN2 in planta. Together, our work reveals a key mechanistic role for the Ca(2+) channel CNGC19 in the recognition of herbivory and the activation of defense signaling" |
| Keywords: | Animals Arabidopsis/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism/*parasitology Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism Calcium/metabolism Calcium Channels/genetics/*metabolism Calcium Signaling/drug effects Cell Membrane/drug effects/metabolism Cell Membrane Perme; |
| Notes: | "MedlineMeena, Mukesh Kumar Prajapati, Ramgopal Krishna, Deepthi Divakaran, Keerthi Pandey, Yogesh Reichelt, Michael Mathew, M K Boland, Wilhelm Mithofer, Axel Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2019/05/12 Plant Cell. 2019 Jul; 31(7):1539-1562. doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00057. Epub 2019 May 10" |
