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Environ Res

Title:		Medical costs and lost productivity from health conditions at volatile organic compound-contaminated superfund sites
Author(s):		Lybarger JA; Lee R; Vogt DP; Perhac RM; Spengler RF; Brown DR;
Address:		"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Health Studies, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. JAL2@CDC.GOV"
Journal Title:		Environ Res
Year:		1998
Volume:		79
Issue:		1
Page Number:		9 - 19
DOI:		10.1006/enrs.1998.3845
ISSN/ISBN:		0013-9351 (Print) 0013-9351 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This paper estimates the health costs at Superfund sites for conditions associated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water. Health conditions were identified from published literature and registry information as occurring at excess rates in VOC-exposed populations. These health conditions were: (1) some categories of birth defects, (2) urinary tract disorders, (3) diabetes, (4) eczema and skin conditions, (5) anemia, (6) speech and hearing impairments in children under 10 years of age, and (7) stroke. Excess rates were used to estimate the excess number of cases occurring among the total population living within one-half mile of 258 Superfund sites. These sites had evidence of completed human exposure pathways for VOCs in drinking water. For each type of medical condition, an individual's expected medical costs, long-term care costs, and lost work time due to illness or premature mortality were estimated. Costs were calculated to be approximately $330 million per year, in the absence of any remediation or public health intervention programs. The results indicate the general magnitude of the economic burden associated with a limited number of contaminants at a portion of all Superfund sites, thus suggesting that the burden would be greater than that estimated in this study if all contaminants at all Superfund sites could be taken into account"
Keywords:		"Anemia/economics/epidemiology Cerebrovascular Disorders/economics/epidemiology Child Child, Preschool Congenital Abnormalities/economics/epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus/economics/epidemiology Drinking Environmental Exposure/economics Female Hazardous Subst;"
Notes:		"MedlineLybarger, J A Lee, R Vogt, D P Perhac, R M Jr Spengler, R F Brown, D R eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Netherlands 1998/10/03 Environ Res. 1998 Oct; 79(1):9-19. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1998.3845"