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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Title:		Effect of a cationic surfactant on the volatilization of PAHs from soil
Author(s):		Lu L; Zhu L;
Address:		"Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. ll19840106@zju.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Year:		2012
Volume:		20111014
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1515 - 1523
DOI:		10.1007/s11356-011-0631-0
ISSN/ISBN:		1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking)
Abstract:		"PURPOSE: Cationic surfactants are common in soils because of their use in daily cosmetic and cleaning products, and their use as a soil amendment for the mitigation and remediation of organic contaminated soils has been proposed. Such surfactant may affect the transfer and fate of organic contaminants in the environment. This study investigated the effect of a cationic surfactant, dodecylpyridinium bromide (DDPB), on the volatilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from a paddy soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The volatilization of PAHs from moist soil amended with different concentrations of DDPB was tested in an open system. The specific effects of DDPB on the liquid-vapor and solid-vapor equilibriums of PAHs were separately investigated in closed systems by headspace analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: DDPB affects both liquid-vapor and solid-vapor processes of PAHs in soil. At DDPB concentrations below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), movement of PAHs from the bulk solution to the gas-liquid interface appeared to be facilitated by interaction between PAHs and the surfactant monomers adsorbed at the gas-liquid interface, promoting the volatilization of PAHs from solution. However, when DDPB was greater than the CMC, volatilization was inhibited due to the solubilization of PAHs by micelles. On the other hand, the formation of sorbed surfactant significantly inhibited the solid-vapor volatilization of PAHs. CONCLUSIONS: The overall effect of the two simultaneous effects of DDPB on liquid-vapor and solid-vapor processes was a decreased volatilization loss of PAHs from soil. Inhibition of PAH volatilization was more significant for the soil with a lower moisture content"
Keywords:		Acenaphthenes/chemistry/metabolism Micelles Phenanthrenes/chemistry/metabolism Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*chemistry/metabolism Pyridinium Compounds/*chemistry/metabolism Soil Soil Pollutants/*chemistry/metabolism Surface-Active Agents/*chemistry/me;
Notes:		"MedlineLu, Li Zhu, Lizhong eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Germany 2011/10/15 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2012 Jun; 19(5):1515-23. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0631-0. Epub 2011 Oct 14"