| Title: | Headspace volatile organic compounds from bacteria implicated in ventilator-associated pneumonia analysed by TD-GC/MS |
| Author(s): | Lawal O; Muhamadali H; Ahmed WM; White IR; Nijsen TME; Goodacre R; Fowler SJ; |
| Address: | "Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. Philips Research, Royal Philips B.V., Eindhoven, The Netherlands. School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1752-7163 (Electronic) 1752-7155 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a healthcare-acquired infection arising from the invasion of the lower respiratory tract by opportunistic pathogens in ventilated patients. The current method of diagnosis requires the culture of an airway sample such as bronchoalveolar lavage, which is invasive to obtain and may take up to seven days to identify a causal pathogen, or indeed rule out infection. While awaiting results, patients are administered empirical antibiotics; risks of this approach include lack of effect on the causal pathogen, contribution to the development of antibiotic resistance and downstream effects such as increased length of intensive care stay, cost, morbidity and mortality. Specific biomarkers which could identify causal pathogens in a timely manner are needed as they would allow judicious use of the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis in exhaled breath is proposed as an alternative due to its non-invasive nature and its potential to provide rapid diagnosis at the patient's bedside. VOCs in exhaled breath originate from exogenous, endogenous, as well as microbial sources. To identify potential markers, VAP-associated pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in both artificial sputum medium and nutrient broth, and their headspaces were sampled and analysed for VOCs. Previously reported volatile markers were identified in this study, including indole and 1-undecene, alongside compounds that are novel to this investigation, cyclopentanone and 1-hexanol. We further investigated media components (substrates) to identify those that are essential for indole and cyclopentanone production, with potential implications for understanding microbial metabolism in the lung" |
| Keywords: | "Bacteria/growth & development/*metabolism Biomarkers/analysis Discriminant Analysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Humans Multivariate Analysis Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/*diagnosis Principal Component Analysis Reference Standards Vol;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineLawal, Oluwasola Muhamadali, Howbeer Ahmed, Waqar M White, Iain R Nijsen, Tamara M E Goodacre, Royston Fowler, Stephen J eng BB/M017702/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom II-LA-0214-20009/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom England 2017/09/28 J Breath Res. 2018 Jan 3; 12(2):026002. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa8efc" |
