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Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

Title:		Bioprospecting of Five Ocimum sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests
Author(s):		Bakovic M; Perkovic L; Matijevic G; Martic A; Vujovic T; Ekic S; Fumic M; Juric S; Coz-Rakovac R; Roje M; Jokic S; Jerkovic I;
Address:		"Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhaca 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Rudera Boskovica 35, 21000 Split, Croatia"
Journal Title:		Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230708
Issue:		7
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ph16070981
ISSN/ISBN:		1424-8247 (Print) 1424-8247 (Electronic) 1424-8247 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Ocimum basilicum L. is the most common Ocimum species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, neuroprotective, and anticollagenase activity. Moreover, their toxicological effects were studied using the zebrafish Danio rerio. Volatile components were determined using HS-SPME and GC-MS, while total polyphenols were detected using HPLC and the spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu method. Spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP) were performed to determine antioxidant activity, collagenase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and pancreatic lipase inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test. The study found that the biological activities of different basil cultivars varied depending on the proportion of active compounds, as determined by chemical analyses. All six basil extracts significantly inhibited alpha-amylase, while Purple basil extract most significantly inhibited the activity of collagenase, acetylcholinesterase, and pancreatic lipase. Purple basil and Dark Opal basil I extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, while the Dark Opal basil II extract had the most significant antioxidant potential. The findings in this study suggest that ethanolic basil extracts have the potential to be used as dietary drugs and implemented in antiaging products. This study is unique in its aims to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of basil cultivars from Croatia and to evaluate potential toxicological effects through embryotoxicity tests on zebrafish Danio rerio embryos, and it reports the first evidence of anticollagenase, antidiabetic, and antilipidemic activities for these cultivars"
Keywords:		basil chemotypes biological activities ethanolic extracts polyphenol content;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEBakovic, Marija Perkovic, Lucija Matijevic, Gabrijela Martic, Ana Vujovic, Tamara Ekic, Sara Fumic, Monika Juric, Sara Coz-Rakovac, Rozelindra Roje, Marin Jokic, Stela Jerkovic, Igor eng KK.01.2.2.03.0017/the Croatian Government and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund - the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Program - KK.01.2.2.03.) for funding this research through project CEKOM 3 LJ/ KK.01.1.1.01.0002/Croatian Government and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund the Competitiveness and Cohesion Operational Program (KK.01.1.1.01) funded The Scien-tific Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting- BioProCro./ Switzerland 2023/07/29 Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Jul 8; 16(7):981. doi: 10.3390/ph16070981"