| Title: | Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil |
| Author(s): | Kemprai P; Bora PK; Saikia SP; Haldar S; |
| Address: | "Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, India. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: Many essential oils and their constituent volatile organic compounds are known to be phytotoxic and potential bioherbicides. This study aims to investigate the phytotoxicity of propenylbenzene-rich essential oils and identify active molecule(s) therein. RESULTS: Five commercially available propenylbenzene-rich oils were screened, of which betel (Piper betle L.) oil was identified as a potent natural phytotoxin. It dose-dependently inhibited wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) seed germination and growth in water and agar medium with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50) ) in the range 23.2-122.7 mug mL(-1) . Phytotoxicity-guided fractionation and purification revealed chavibetol as the major and most potent phytotoxic constituent of betel oil, followed by chavibetol acetate. A structure-activity relationship study involving 12 propenylbenzenes indicated the structural and positional importance of aromatic substitutions for the activity. Furthermore, the phytotoxic efficacy of chavibetol was established against wheatgrass germination and growth in water (IC(50) 15.8-53.4 mug mL(-1) ), agar (IC(50) 34.4-53.6 mug mL(-1) ) and aerial (IC(50) 1.7-4.5 mg L(-1) ) media with a more pronounced effect on the radicle. Also, in open phytojars, chavibetol efficiently inhibited the growth of 3-7-day-old bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) seedlings when sprayed directly (IC(50) 2.3-3.4 mg jar(-1) ) or supplemented in agar (IC(50) 116.6-139.1 mug mL(-1) ). The growth of pre-germinated green amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) was inhibited more effectively in both application modes (1.2-1.4 mg jar(-1) and IC(50) 26.8-31.4 mug mL(-1) respectively). CONCLUSION: The study concluded betel oil as a potent phytotoxic herbal extract and its major constituent chavibetol as a promising volatile phytotoxin for the future management of weeds in their early phase of emergence. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry" |
| Keywords: | aromatic crop bioherbicide gas-chromatography phytotoxicity propenylbenzene; |
| Notes: | "PublisherKemprai, Phirose Bora, Pranjit Kumar Saikia, Siddhartha Proteem Haldar, Saikat eng CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat In-house Project (OLP 2073)/ England 2023/07/04 Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Jul 3. doi: 10.1002/ps.7645" |
