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J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci

Title:		Identification of pheromones in mouse urine by head-space solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Author(s):		Kayali-Sayadi MN; Bautista JM; Polo-Diez LM; Salazar I;
Address:		"Mass Spectrometry Service, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040, Madrid, Spain. kayali@quim.ucm.es"
Journal Title:		J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
Year:		2003
Volume:		796
Issue:		1
Page Number:		55 - 62
DOI:		10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.08.001
ISSN/ISBN:		1570-0232 (Print) 1570-0232 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Given the key role of pheromones in animal communication and behaviour, there is need to identify the different classes of these molecules under varying physiological conditions. However, the highly volatile nature of pheromones and the fact that they occur at very low concentrations in urine makes this task all the more difficult. Herein, we present a method of detecting and identifying the five main pheromones known: 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole, geraniol, indole, trans-beta farnesene and trans-alpha farnesene in individual urine microsamples taken from male mice. Urine volumes as small as 20 microl were subjected to solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This selective analytical method permits the rapid detection of these pheromones free from cross-contaminants as a clearly distinguishable spectral signals. Highest recovery rates of natural pheromones were achieved by extraction on a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fibre of 85 microm film thickness. This selective, sensitive and accurate method will help address the question of possible links between certain pheromone classes, and social and reproductive behaviour in mice"
Keywords:		Animals Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Male Mice Pheromones/*urine Sensitivity and Specificity;
Notes:		"MedlineKayali-Sayadi, M N Bautista, Jose M Polo-Diez, L M Salazar, Ignacio eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2003/10/14 J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Oct 25; 796(1):55-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.08.001"