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Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol

Title:		Characterization of function and genetic feature of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in avian species
Author(s):		Kawai YK; Shinya S; Ikenaka Y; Saengtienchai A; Kondo M; Darwish WS; Nakayama SMM; Mizukawa H; Ishizuka M;
Address:		"Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan. Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt. Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, N18, W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. Electronic address: ishizum@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol
Year:		2019
Volume:		20181124
Issue:
Page Number:		5 - 14
DOI:		10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.001
ISSN/ISBN:		1532-0456 (Print) 1532-0456 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Birds are exposed to many xenobiotics during their lifetime. For accurate prediction of xenobiotic-induced toxic effects on avian species, it is necessary to understand metabolic capacities in a comprehensive range of bird species. However, there is a lack of information about avian xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), particularly in wild birds. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is an XME that plays an important role in phase II metabolism in the livers of mammals and birds. This study was performed to determine the characteristics of UGT1E isoform in avian species, those are related to mammals UGT 1A. To understand the characteristics of avian UGT1E isoforms, in vitro metabolic activity and genetic characteristics were investigated. Furthermore, mRNA expression levels of all chicken UGT1E isoforms were measured. On in vitro enzymatic analysis, the white-tailed eagle, great horned owl, and Humboldt penguin showed lower UGT-dependent activity than domestic birds. In synteny analysis, carnivorous birds were shown to have fewer UGT1E isoforms than herbivorous and omnivorous birds, which may explain why they have lower in vitro UGT activity. These observations suggested that raptors and seabirds, in which UGT activity is low, may be at high risk if exposed to elevated levels of xenobiotics in the environment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that avian UGT1Es have evolved independently from mammalian UGT1As. We identified the important UGT isoforms, such as UGT1E13, and suspected their substrate specificities in avian xenobiotic metabolism by phylogenetic and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This is the first report regarding the genetic characteristics and interspecies differences of UGT1Es in avian species"
Keywords:		"Acetaminophen/metabolism Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/metabolism Animals Birds/*genetics/metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/*physiology Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics/*metabolism Microsomes, Liver/enzymology Phylogeny Species Specificity Syn;"
Notes:		"MedlineKawai, Yusuke K Shinya, So Ikenaka, Yoshinori Saengtienchai, Aksorn Kondo, Mitsuki Darwish, Wageh Sobhy Nakayama, Shota M M Mizukawa, Hazuki Ishizuka, Mayumi eng 2018/11/27 Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2019 Mar; 217:5-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.001. Epub 2018 Nov 24"