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J Therm Biol

Title:		"The impact of geographical origin of two strains of the herbivore, Eccritotarsus catarinensis, on several fitness traits in response to temperature"
Author(s):		Ismail M; Brooks M;
Address:		"Zoology and Entomology Department, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa. Electronic address: mohannad.ismail1@gmail.com. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa"
Journal Title:		J Therm Biol
Year:		2016
Volume:		20160715
Issue:
Page Number:		222 - 230
DOI:		10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.07.008
ISSN/ISBN:		0306-4565 (Print) 0306-4565 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Adaptation to temperature changes is vital to reduce adverse effects on individuals, and some may present phenotypic changes, which might be accompanied with physiological costs in fitness traits. The objective of this study was to determine whether the two strains of the herbivore Eccritotarsus catarinensis, a biological control agent against water hyacinth in South Africa, differ in their responses to temperature according to their geographical origin. We experimentally quantified the responses of the two strains, at three constant temperatures: 20 degrees C, 25 degrees C and 30 degrees C, using laboratory cultures that originated from Brazil and Peru, where climates differ. Reproductive output, egg hatching rate, sex ratio and longevity were recorded at each temperature. Fitness traits for both strains were significantly reduced at 30 degrees C compared with 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C in two successive generations. Nonetheless, Peruvian individuals continued their development at 30 degrees C, whereas Brazilian individuals that succeeded in emerging did not continue their development. In contrast, sex ratio was unaffected by temperature. The Peruvian strain of E. catarinensis presented different phenotypes depending on temperature and was more adapted to extreme high temperature than the Brazilian strain. The tropical origin of the population induces the insect to tolerate the extreme high temperature. We suggest that the Peruvian strain could be better suited for release to control water hyacinth in nature, particularly in regions where temperature is high"
Keywords:		*Acclimatization Animals Brazil Climate Female Fertility Geography Herbivory Heteroptera/*physiology Longevity Male Peru Reproduction Sex Ratio South Africa Temperature Adaptation Biological control Phenotypic plasticity Strain;
Notes:		"MedlineIsmail, Mohannad Brooks, Margot eng England 2016/08/10 J Therm Biol. 2016 Aug; 60:222-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.07.008. Epub 2016 Jul 15"